%0 Journal Article
%T Utilisation of poultry industry wastes for liquid biofuel production via thermal and catalytic fast pyrolysis
%A Angelos A Lappas
%A Ismail Cem Kantarli
%A Konstantinos G Kalogiannis
%A Stylianos D Stefanidis
%J Waste Management & Research
%@ 1096-3669
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/0734242X18799870
%X The objective of this study was to examine the potential of poultry wastes to be used as feedstock in non-catalytic and catalytic fast pyrolysis processes, which is a continuation of our previous research on their conversion into biofuel via slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal conversion. Both poultry meal and poultry litter were examined, initially in a fixed bed bench-scale reactor using ZSM-5 and MgO as catalysts. Pyrolysis of poultry meal yielded high amounts of bio-oil, while pyrolysis of poultry litter yielded high amounts of solid residue owing to its high ash content. MgO was found to be more effective for the deoxygenation of bio-oil and reduction of undesirable compounds, by converting mainly the acids in the pyrolysis vapours of poultry meal into aliphatic hydrocarbons. ZSM-5 favoured the formation of both aromatic compounds and undesirable nitrogenous compounds. Overall, all bio-oil samples from the pyrolysis of poultry wastes contained relatively high amounts of nitrogen compared with bio-oils from lignocellulosic biomass, ca. 9£¿wt.% in the case of poultry meal and ca. 5¨C8£¿wt.% in the case of poultry litter. This was attributed to the high nitrogen content of the poultry wastes, unlike that of lignocellulosic biomass. Poultry meal yielded the highest amount of bio-oil and was selected as optimum feedstock to be scaled-up in a semi-pilot scale fluidised bed biomass pyrolysis unit with the ZSM-5 catalyst. Pyrolysis in the fluidised bed reactor was more efficient for deoxygenation of the bio-oil vapours, as evidenced from the lower oxygen content of the bio-oil
%K Bio-oil
%K poultry litter
%K poultry meal
%K catalytic upgrading
%K fast pyrolysis
%K deoxygenation
%K ZSM-5
%K MgO
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0734242X18799870