%0 Journal Article %T Reframing the discourse: Ethnography, Bernstein and the distribution of reading attainment by gender %A Gemma Moss %J European Educational Research Journal %@ 1474-9041 %D 2018 %R 10.1177/1474904117740112 %X This paper has two aims: to introduce readers to Bernstein¡¯s concept of languages of description, interpreted through the lens of ethnography; and to demonstrate the value of this approach to theory-making by showing how a qualitative study conducted on these principles led to new explanations for gender differences in literacy attainment that can be tested using PISA data %K Literacy %K gender %K ethnography %K Bernstein %K sociology of education %K languages of description %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1474904117740112