%0 Journal Article
%T 燃煤布雷顿循环及其工质传热特性研究进展                -
%A 吴柯
%A 段伦博
%A 鲍中凯
%A 黄宇
%J 洁净煤技术
%D 2020
%X 超临界二氧化碳(supercritical carbon dioxide,sCO_2)布雷顿循环作为动力循环的主要优势是效率高、结构简单、系统紧凑、热源适应性广,有望在下一代核反应堆、燃煤电站、余热回收及可再生能源(太阳能、地热能等)领域得到大规模应用。作为新型动力循环工质的sCO_2具有温和的临界点条件(31.1℃/7.38 MPa),同时在临界点附近物性变化剧烈。鉴于我国以煤为主的能源结构及严峻气候挑战,sCO_2动力循环与富氧燃烧、流化床锅炉、煤气化等技术结合为实现煤炭的清洁高效低碳利用提供了新的思路。笔者分析了sCO_2工质的性质,介绍了间接加热式和直接加热式两类sCO_2布雷顿循环的基本原理,总结了sCO_2动力循环应用于燃煤电站的研究进展。sCO_2循环燃煤电站的发展可分为以下2条路径:①间接加热式sCO_2循环取代蒸汽朗肯循环应用于燃煤电站,可与煤粉锅炉、循环流化床锅炉、富氧燃烧等技术相结合;②发展更加高效且固有碳捕捉能力的直接加热式sCO_2循环燃煤电站技术,与带有碳捕捉(carbon capture and storage,CCS)的整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)电站竞争。分析了sCO_2动力循环与燃煤电站结合的多种技术方案,讨论不同方案的优势、技术挑战与发展方向。在此基础上,重点阐述了sCO_2作为工质在常规管径圆管、细管道圆管、微细管道圆管及印刷电路板式换热器(printed circuit heat exchanger,PCHE)中的传热试验研究和传热特性,总结了sCO_2工质在圆管内和PCHE内流动传热经验关联式并进行分析比较,同时介绍了sCO_2工质流动传热的数值模拟研究。最后,从基础理论、系统设计、设备研发层面指出了现有研究的不足和对未来研究的展望。CO2减排在未来几十年将是燃煤发电的主要研究方向,具有更大效率优势和固有碳捕捉能力的直接加热式sCO_2循环燃煤发电技术将引起更多关注。在我国将sCO_2布雷顿循环应用于燃煤电站更具现实意义,目前我国关于sCO_2循环发电技术的研究与国外仍存在相当差距,应依托超超临界燃煤发电机组和IGCC电站的技术积累,快速推动燃煤sCO_2循环发电技术的研发进展。 The main advantages of the supercritical carbon dioxide( sCO_2) Brayton cycle as a power cycle are high efficiency,simple structure,compact system and wide heat source adaptability,which is expected to be widely used in the next generation of nuclear reactors,coal-fired power plants,waste heat recovery and renewable energy( solar energy,geothermal energy,etc.) fields. As a new type of power cycle working fluid,sCO_2 has mild critical point conditions( 31. 1 ℃/7. 38 MPa),and its physical properties change sharply near the critical point. In view of the coal-based energy structure and severe climate challenges in China,the combination of sCO_2 power cycle with oxy-fuel combustion,fluidized bed boilers,coal gasification and other technologies provides new solutions to achieve clean,efficient and low-carbon utilization of coal. In this paper,the properties of sCO_2 were firstly analyzed,then the basic principles of two types of indirect-fired and direct-fired sCO_2 Brayton cycles were introduced,and then the research progress of sCO_2 power cycle applied to coal-fired power stations was summarized. The development of sCO_2 cycle coal-fired power plant can be divided into the following two paths: ① the indirect-fired sCO_2 cycle instead of steam Rankine cycle,which is used in coal-fired power stations,and is combined with technologies such as pulverized coal boilers,circulating fluidized bed boilers,and oxy-fuel combustion; ② the direct-fired sCO_2 cycle coal-fired power station has higher efficiency and inherent carbon capture,which can compete with the IGCC power station with carbon capture and storage( CCS) system. And then a variety of
%K 超临界二氧化碳
%K 布雷顿循环
%K 间接加热式
%K 直接加热式
%K 燃煤电站
%K 传热
%K 印刷电路板式换热器 supercritical carbon dioxide
%K Brayton cycle
%K indirect-fired
%K direct-fired
%K coal-fired power plant
%K heat transfer
%K PCHE
%U http://www.jjmjs.com.cn/WKD/WebPublication/paperDigest.aspx?paperID=b9f84cf2-5e64-4770-aab8-efbcb0e57eea