%0 Journal Article
%T Agglomeration, urbanization and competitive performance: the natural experiment of English football
%A Calvin Jones
%A Declan Jordan
%J Regional Studies, Regional Science
%D 2019
%R https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2019.1647794
%X ABSTRACT There are sound theoretical and empirical bases for expecting productivity and innovative benefits for businesses located in large urban areas, and for those located closer to others in the same or related industries. However, the size and precise origin of these effects remain uncertain and complicated by potential endogeneity from businessesĄ¯ location choice. English football is proposed as a natural experiment with immobile businesses and evidence is presented from the English Premier League (EPL) that suggests urban scale affects clubsĄ¯ relative performance. It is found that teams in larger conurbations perform relatively better, and it is suggested these benefits probably originate from the sportĄ¯s novel labour market
%U https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21681376.2019.1647794