%0 Journal Article
%T Progress in Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Lasers£¿
%J Photonics | An Open Access Journal from MDPI
%D 2019
%R https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics6030096
%X Photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) have attracted considerable attention as a novel semiconductor laser that surpasses traditional semiconductor lasers. In this review article, we review the current progress of PCSELs, including the demonstration of large-area coherent oscillation, the control of beam patterns, the demonstration of beam steering, and the realization of watt-class and high-beam-quality operation. Furthermore, we show very recent progress in the exploration of high brightness of more than 300 MW cm £¿2 sr £¿1, obtained with a high output power of about 10 W while maintaining a high beam quality M 2 ~ 2. The PCSELs with such high performances are expected to be applied to a variety of fields, such as laser-based material processing, optical sensing (light-detection and ranging (LiDAR)), and lighting, as they retain the benefits of compact and high-efficiency semiconductor lasers. View Full-Tex
%U https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/6/3/96