%0 Journal Article
%T Current Peptide and Protein Candidates Challenging HIV Therapy beyond the Vaccine Era
%A Chatchai Tayapiwatana
%A Koollawat Chupradit
%A Kuntida Kitidee
%A Maryl¨¨ne Mougel
%A Sawitree Nangola
%A Sutpirat Moonmuang
%A Umpa Yasamut
%J Archive of "Viruses".
%D 2017
%R 10.3390/v9100281
%X Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can slow down the replication of HIV-1, leading to an improvement in the survival of HIV-1-infected patients. However, drug toxicities and poor drug administration has led to the emergence of a drug-resistant strain. HIV-1 immunotherapy has been continuously developed, but antibody therapy and HIV vaccines take time to improve its efficiency and have limitations. HIV-1-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy founded on neutralizing antibodies is now being developed. In HIV-1 therapy, anti-HIV chimeric antigen receptors showed promising data in the suppression of HIV-1 replication; however, autologous transfusion is still a problem. This has led to the development of effective peptides and proteins for an alternative HIV-1 treatment. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of potent anti-HIV-1 peptides and proteins that reveal promising therapeutic activities. The inhibitory mechanisms of each therapeutic molecule in the different stages of the HIV-1 life cycle will be discussed herein
%K HIV
%K HIV gene therapy
%K HIV vaccine
%K assembly inhibitor
%K entry inhibitor
%K fusion inhibitor
%K integration inhibitor
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5691633/