%0 Journal Article
%T Change in hydration indices associated with an increase in total water intake of more than 0.5£¿L/day, sustained over 4£¿weeks, in healthy young men with initial total water intake below 2£¿L/day
%A David W. Killilea
%A Janice Hamer
%A Jodi D. Stookey
%J Archive of "Physiological Reports".
%D 2017
%R 10.14814/phy2.13356
%X This secondary data analysis addressed gaps in knowledge about effects of chronic water intake. Longitudinal data from the Adapt Study were used to describe effects of prescribing a sustained increase in water intake relative to baseline, for 4 weeks, on multiple indices of total body water (TBW) flux, regulation, distribution, and volume in five healthy, free©\living, young men, with mean total water intake initially below 2 L/day. Indices were measured weekly. Within©\person fixed effect models tested for significant changes in indices over time and associations between changes in indices. Agreement between indices was described. Mixed models tested if baseline between©\person differences in hydration indices modified changes in indices over time. Body water flux: The half©\life of water in the body decreased significantly. Body water regulation: Serum osmolality decreased significantly. Urine anti©\diuretic hormone, sodium, potassium, and osmolality decreased significantly. Plasma aldosterone and serum sodium increased significantly. Body water distribution: No significant changes were observed. Body water volume: Saliva osmolality decreased significantly. Body weight increased significantly by a mean ¡À SEM of 1.8% ¡À 0.5% from baseline over 4 weeks. Changes in indices were significantly inter©\correlated. Agreement between indices changed over 4 weeks. Baseline saliva osmolality significantly modified responses to chronic water intake. The results motivate hypotheses for future studies: Chronic TBW deficit occurs in healthy individuals under daily life conditions and increases chronic disease risk; Sustained higher water intake restores TBW through gradual isotonic retention of potassium and/or sodium; Saliva osmolality is a sensitive and specific index of chronic hydration status
%K Biomarker
%K Healthy adults
%K Hydration
%K Water intake
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704074/