%0 Journal Article
%T Norgestimate inhibits staphylococcal biofilm formation and resensitizes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to ¦Â-lactam antibiotics
%A Hirotatsu Kojima
%A Kazuyoshi Kuwano
%A Ken-ichi Okuda
%A Mari Nagakura
%A Satomi Yamada
%A Shinya Sugimoto
%A Takayoshi Okabe
%A Takeo Iwamoto
%A Tetsuo Nagano
%A Yoshimitsu Mizunoe
%A Yutaka Yoshii
%J Archive of "NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes".
%D 2017
%R 10.1038/s41522-017-0026-1
%X Staphylococcal biofilm inhibitory activities of norgestimate (NGM) and 17-deacetylnorgestimate (17DN). a Structures of NGM and 17DN. b MR23 biofilm-inhibitory activities of NGM and 17DN. Data are presented as the mean£¿¡À£¿SD (standard deviation) (n£¿=£¿3). The graphs represent the average absorbance of the crystal violet-stained biofilms formed on 96-well plates. Photographs of representative wells are shown below the graphs. c Effects of NGM and 17DN on the growth of MR23. Cells were cultured in BHI broth under shaking conditions, with or without 50£¿¦ÌM of the test compound. d Fluorescence microscopy of PIA in a SH1000 biofilm. PIA and DNA were stained using WGA-Alexa488 (WGA; upper panels) and DAPI (lower panels), respectively. Arrowheads indicate the filamentous structural PIA. Scale bars£¿=£¿5£¿¦Ìm. e Dot blot assay of PIA. f Quantification of ECM proteins. Data are presented as the mean£¿¡À£¿SD (n£¿=£¿3). *p£¿<£¿0.01. In d¨Cf, cells were cultured under biofilm-forming conditions, with or without 50£¿¦ÌM of the test compound, or 20£¿¦Ìg/mL of DspB. SH1000, S. aureus SH1000; MR23, S. aureus MR23; SE4, S. epidermidis SE4. Cont. control, NGM norgestimate, 17DN 17-deacetylnorgestimate, DspB dispersin
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5522392/