%0 Journal Article
%T Daily Intake of Milk Powder and Risk of Celiac Disease in Early Childhood: A Nested Case-Control Study
%A Carin Andr¨¦n Aronsson
%A Daniel Agardh
%A Elin M. H£¿rd af Segerstad
%A Hye-Seung Lee
%A Ingegerd Sj£¿holm
%A Jill M. Norris
%A Jimin Yang
%A Kalle Kurppa
%A Marilyn Rayner
%A Suvi M. Virtanen
%A Ulla Uusitalo
%A on behalf of the TEDDY Study Group
%J Archive of "Nutrients".
%D 2018
%R 10.3390/nu10050550
%X Milk powder and gluten are common components in Swedish infants¡¯ diets. Whereas large intakes of gluten early in life increases the risk of celiac disease in genetically at-risk Swedish children, no study has yet evaluated if intake of milk powder by 2 years of age is associated with celiac disease. A 1-to-3 nested case-control study, comprised of 207 celiac disease children and 621 controls matched for sex, birth year, and HLA genotype, was performed on a birth cohort of HLA-DR3-DQ2 and/or DR4-DQ8-positive children. Subjects were screened annually for celiac disease using tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA). Three-day food records estimated the mean intake of milk powder at ages 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months. Conditional logistic regression calculated odds ratios (OR) at last intake prior to seroconversion of tTGA positivity, and for each time-point respectively and adjusted for having a first-degree relative with celiac disease and gluten intake. Intake of milk powder prior to seroconversion of tTGA positivity was not associated with celiac disease (OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99, 1.03; p = 0.763). In conclusion, intake of milk powder in early childhood is not associated with celiac disease in genetically susceptible children
%K infant feeding
%K Sweden
%K HLA
%K milk powder
%K formula
%K gluten
%K commercial infant foods
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5986430/