%0 Journal Article
%T Update on glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases: the roles in the development of insulin resistance
%A He-qin Yang
%A Jing Yu
%A Kim Loh
%A Shu Lin
%A Yi Zhang
%A Zhi-yuan Song
%J Archive of "Nutrition & Diabetes".
%D 2018
%R 10.1038/s41387-018-0045-x
%X Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (GPAT1) and GPAT2 are localized in the mitochondrial outer membrane, while GPAT3, GPAT4, phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP/lipin), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. In addition, 1-acyl glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) is localized in both the mitochondrial outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. GPATs competitively catalyze acyl-CoA and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and protect acyl-CoA from ¦Â-oxidation. Then, LPA and acyl-CoA are converted to phosphatidic acid (PA) by AGPAT. Consequently, PA is dephosphorylated by lipin to diacylglycerols (DAG). DAG and acyl-CoA are catalyzed by DGAT to form triacylglycerol (TAG). Furthermore, TAG synthesizes lipid droplets (LD). The intermediate products (LPA, PA, DAG) are responsible for intercellular signal transductio
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5968029/