%0 Journal Article
%T The role of sleep in bipolar disorder
%A Alexandra K Gold
%A Louisa G Sylvia
%J Archive of "Nature and Science of Sleep".
%D 2016
%R 10.2147/NSS.S85754
%X Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness characterized by alternating periods of elevated and depressed mood. Sleep disturbances in bipolar disorder are present during all stages of the condition and exert a negative impact on overall course, quality of life, and treatment outcomes. We examine the partnership between circadian system (process C) functioning and sleep¨Cwake homeostasis (process S) on optimal sleep functioning and explore the role of disruptions in both systems on sleep disturbances in bipolar disorder. A convergence of evidence suggests that sleep problems in bipolar disorder result from dysregulation across both process C and process S systems. Biomarkers of depressive episodes include heightened fragmentation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, reduced REM latency, increased REM density, and a greater percentage of awakenings, while biomarkers of manic episodes include reduced REM latency, greater percentage of stage I sleep, increased REM density, discontinuous sleep patterns, shortened total sleep time, and a greater time awake in bed. These findings highlight the importance of targeting novel treatments for sleep disturbance in bipolar disorder
%K bipolar disorder
%K circadian rhythms
%K sleep¨Cwake homeostasis
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4935164/