%0 Journal Article
%T Glutathione induces GABA release through P2X7R activation on M¨šller glia
%A H¨Śrcules Rezende Freitas
%A Ricardo A. de Melo Reis
%J Archive of "Neurogenesis".
%D 2017
%R 10.1080/23262133.2017.1283188
%X The retinal tissue of warm-blooded vertebrates performs surprisingly complex and accurate transduction of visual information. To achieve precision, a multilayered neuroglia structure is established throughout the embryonic development, and the presence of radial M¨šller (glial) cells ensure differentiation, growth and survival for the neuronal elements within retinal environment. It is assumed that M¨šller cells serve as a dynamic reservoir of progenitors, capable of expressing transcription factors, differentiating and proliferating as either neuronal or glial cells depending on extrinsic cues. In the postnatal period, M¨šller glia may re-enter cell cycle and produce new retinal neurons in response to acute damage. In this context, glutathione (GSH), a virtually ubiquitous tripeptide antioxidant, which is found at milimolar concentrations in central glial cells, plays a vital role as a reducing agent, buffering radical oxygen species (ROS) and preventing cell death in severely injured retinal tissues. Despite its antioxidant role, data also point to GSH as a signaling agent, suggesting that GABA release and P2X7R-mediated calcium inwards occur in M¨šller cells in a GSH-enriched environment. These phenomena indicate a novel mechanistic response to damage in the vertebrate retinal tissue, particularly in neuron-glia networks
%K calcium
%K GABA
%K Glutathione
%K M¨šller glia
%K P2X7
%K redox signaling
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5305167/