%0 Journal Article %T Physician extenders on surgical services: a systematic review %A Andrew Dodd %A Jagdeep Johal %J Archive of "Canadian Journal of Surgery". %D 2017 %R 10.1503/cjs.001516 %X With the introduction of resident duty hour restrictions and the resulting in-house trainee shortages, a long-term solution to ensure safe and efficient patient care is needed. One solution is the integration of nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) in a variety of health care settings. We sought to examine the use of NPs and PAs on surgical/trauma services and their effect on patient outcomes and resident workload %U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5453759/