%0 Journal Article
%T APP upregulation contributes to retinal ganglion cell degeneration via JNK3
%A Chao Liu
%A Cheng-Wu Zhang
%A Edward H. Koo
%A Gavin S. Dawe
%A Kah-Leong Lim
%A Lawrence W. Stanton
%A Liying Corinne Lee
%A Sung Ok Yoon
%A Tuck Wah Soong
%A Wan Qing Wong
%A Wanjin Hong
%A Wei Yi Ong
%A Xin-Yuan Fu
%A Yi Zhou
%A Zhi-Cheng Xiao
%J Archive of "Cell Death and Differentiation".
%D 2018
%R 10.1038/s41418-017-0005-3
%X a Representative western blots showing APP expression after ONA. Intact mouse retinae or retinae 1£¿day (1 d), 1 week (1 w) or 2 weeks (2 w) after ONA were harvested, lysed and immunoblotted using antibodies against APP or GAPDH (internal loading control). The location of molecular weight markers is shown in kDa on the right. b The bar chart shows quantitative analysis of relative APP expression after ONA. The density of the western blot bands was normalized to the internal loading control and then normalized to control mice. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni tests: *p£¿<£¿0.05; **p£¿<£¿0.01 (n£¿=£¿3 for each time point). c Method for quantifying Tuj1+ RGCs in the whole-mounted retina. For each retina, images were obtained from eight 20£¿¡Á£¿fields along two perpendicular retinal diameters. The average number of the Tuj1+ RGCs was obtained by averaging the counts for the 16 fields for each retina. d Representative fluorescence microscope images showing flat-mounts of intact retinae or retinae 1 w, or 2 w after ONA from wild-type or APP-null mice. The retinae were immunostained using anti-tubulin beta III (Tuj1) antibody, a marker for RGC neurons in the retina. Scale bar, 50 ¦Ìm. e The bar chart shows quantitative analysis of Tuj1+ RGC numbers from wild-type and APP-null mice after ONA (n£¿=£¿3 for each genotype). Student¡¯s t-test: ** p£¿<£¿0.01. Error bars represent SEM. f Representative confocal images show immunostaining of intact and injured (14 days after ONA) mouse retina flat-mounts using anti-GPAP antibody, a marker for astrocytes. No significant difference was observed in the astrocyte number between intact and injured retina. Scale bar, 50 ¦Ì
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5864187/