%0 Journal Article
%T Proliferating tumor cells mimick glucose metabolism of mature human erythrocytes
%A Ingolf Bernhardt
%A Martin K£¿berle
%A Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia
%A Ulrich Mrowietz
%J Archive of "Cell Cycle".
%D 2019
%R 10.1080/15384101.2019.1618125
%X Mature human erythrocytes are dependent on anerobic glycolysis, i.e. catabolism (oxidation) of one glucose molecule to produce two ATP and two lactate molecules. Proliferating tumor cells mimick mature human erythrocytes to glycolytically generate two ATP molecules. They deliberately avoid or switch off their respiration, i.e. tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) machinery and consequently dispense with the production of additional 36 ATP molecules from one glucose molecule. This phenomenon is named aerobic glycolysis or Warburg effect. The present review deals with the fate of a glucose molecule after entering a mature human erythrocyte or a proliferating tumor cell and describes why it is useful for a proliferating tumor cell to imitate a mature erythrocyte. Blood consisting of plasma and cellular components (99% of the cells are erythrocytes) may be regarded as a mobile organ, constantly exercising a direct interaction with other organs. Therefore, the use of drugs, which influences the biological activity of erythrocytes, has an immediate effect on the entire organism
%K Proliferating tumor cells
%K erythrocytes
%K glycolysis
%K pentose phosphate pathway
%K ion channels
%K tumor acidic microenvironment
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6592250/