%0 Journal Article
%T A Mixed Outbreak of Epidemic Typhus Fever and Trench Fever in a Youth Rehabilitation Center: Risk Factors for Illness from a Case-Control Study, Rwanda, 2012
%A Anicet G. Dahourou
%A Edward J. Mills
%A Eric Tongren
%A Francois Habiyaremye
%A Irenee Umulisa
%A Jared Omolo
%A Jean Baptiste Koama
%A Jean Marie Uwimana
%A Jeanine Condo
%A Jennifer McQuiston
%A Katherine A. Muldoon
%A Kimberly Boer
%A Marie Aimee Muhimpundu
%A Pratima L. Raghunathan
%A Robert Massung
%A Samuel Rwunganira
%A Thierry Nyatanyi
%A Tura Galgalo
%A Wangeci Gatei
%J Archive of "The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene".
%D 2016
%R 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0643
%X In August 2012, laboratory tests confirmed a mixed outbreak of epidemic typhus fever and trench fever in a male youth rehabilitation center in western Rwanda. Seventy-six suspected cases and 118 controls were enrolled into an unmatched case-control study to identify risk factors for symptomatic illness during the outbreak. A suspected case was fever or history of fever, from April 2012, in a resident of the rehabilitation center. In total, 199 suspected cases from a population of 1,910 male youth (attack rate = 10.4%) with seven deaths (case fatality rate = 3.5%) were reported. After multivariate analysis, history of seeing lice in clothing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1¨C5.8), delayed (¡Ý 2 days) washing of clothing (aOR = 4.0, 95% CI = 1.6¨C9.6), and delayed (¡Ý 1 month) washing of beddings (aOR = 4.6, 95% CI = 2.0¨C11) were associated with illness, whereas having stayed in the rehabilitation camp for ¡Ý 6 months was protective (aOR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.10¨C0.40). Stronger surveillance and improvements in hygiene could prevent future outbreaks
%U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973199/