%0 Journal Article %T Plant root tortuosity: an indicator of root path formation in soil with different composition and density %A Barbara Mazzolai %A Dagmar van Dusschoten %A Fabio Fiorani %A Kerstin A. Nagel %A Liyana Popova %J Archive of "Annals of Botany". %D 2016 %R 10.1093/aob/mcw057 %X Background and Aims Root soil penetration and path optimization are fundamental for root development in soil. We describe the influence of soil strength on root elongation rate and diameter, response to gravity, and root-structure tortuosity, estimated by average curvature of primary maize roots %K Zea mays %K soil mechanical impedance %K soil composition %K soil density %K root elongation %K root path formation %K gravity %K MRI %K root tortuosity %U https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5055621/