%0 Journal Article
%T Application of Chemically Modified and Unmodified Waste Biological Sorbents in Treatment of Wastewater
%A John Kanayochukwu Nduka
%J International Journal of Chemical Engineering
%D 2012
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2012/751240
%X Protein wastes (feathers, goat hair) and cellulosic wastes (corn cob, coconut husks) were collected and washed with detergent solution, thoroughly rinsed and sun dried for 2 days before drying in an oven, and then ground. One-half of ground material was carbonized at a maximum temperature of 500¡ãC after mixing with H2SO4. The carbonized parts were pulverized; both carbonized and uncarbonized sorbents were sieved into two particle sizes of 325 and 625£¿¦Ìm using mechanical sieve. Sorbents of a given particle size were packed into glass column.Then, textile wastewater that had its physicochemical parameters previously determined was eluted into each glass column and a contact time of 60 and 120 mins was allowed before analysis. Results showed 48.15¨C99.98 percentage reduction of , EC, Cl£¿, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and TDS, 34.67¨C99.93 percentage reduction of , EC, Cl£¿, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and TDS, 52.83¨C97.95 percentage reduction of Pb2+, Ni2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ and 34.59¨C94.87 percentage reduction of Pb2+, Ni2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+. Carbonization, small particle, size and longer contact time enhanced the sorption capabilities of the sorbents. These show that protein and cellulosic wastes can be used to detoxify wastewater. 1. Introduction Wastewater may be purely domestic or may contain some industrial wastewater as well [1]. Residential wastewater is a combination of excreta, flush water, and all types of wastewater generated from household. It is more commonly known as sewage and much diluted. There are two types of domestic sewage: black water or wastewater from toilets and gray water, which is wastewater from all sources except toilets [2]. Industrial wastewater comes from commercial activities (shops, restaurants, fast food shops, hospitals, etc.), industries (e.g., chemical industries, pharmaceutical companies, textile manufacturing, etc.), agriculture (e.g., Slurry), and so forth. Wastewaters from dyeing operations are characterized by color caused by both organic and inorganic compounds [3]. The organic compounds are more problematic in industrial effluent than inorganic materials [4, 5] because, apart from the color, it imparts on the wastewater, biodegradation of organic material in the dye depleting the dissolved oxygen of the water thereby stressing aquatic microbes [6]. Traditional wastewater treatment technologies have shown to be ineffective for handling synthetic dyes because of the chemical stability of these pollutants [7]. There is no single or economically attractive method of treatment of textile wastewater [8], although notable achievements were made
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijce/2012/751240/