%0 Journal Article
%T Management and Outcomes of Male Breast Cancer in Zaria, Nigeria
%A Adamu Ahmed
%A Yahaya Ukwenya
%A Adamu Abdullahi
%A Iliyasu Muhammad
%J International Journal of Breast Cancer
%D 2012
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2012/845143
%X Male breast cancer is an uncommon disease accounting for only 1% of all breast cancers. We present the evaluation, treatment and outcome of male patients seen with breast cancer in our institution. Male patients that had histological diagnosis of breast cancer from 2001 to 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. After evaluation patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy. Combination chemotherapy was given to patients with positive axillary lymph nodes. Radiotherapy and hormonal therapy were also employed. There were 57 male patients with breast cancer which accounted for 9% of all breast cancers seen during the study period. Their mean age was 59 ¡À 2.3 years. The mean tumor diameter was 13 ¡À 2.5£¿cm. Fifty three (93%) patients presented with advanced disease including 15 with distant metastasis. Four patients with stage II disease were treated with modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and tamoxifen. Of the 30 patients with sage III disease that had modified radical mastectomy, complete axillary clearance and tumor free margins were achieved in 25. Overall 21 (36.8%) patients were tumor free at one year. Overall 5-year survival was 22.8%. In conclusion, male patients with breast cancer present with advanced disease which is associated with poor outcome of treatment. 1. Introduction Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease accounting for approximately 1% of all breast cancers diagnosed in the United States each year [1, 2].Of the 209,060 total cases of breast cancer expected in the United State in 2010, 1,970 (0.94%) will occur in men and 390 men are expected to die from the disease [3]. In contrast to the recent decline in incidence of female breast cancer (FBC), the incidence of MBC has been steadily increasing over the past three decades. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program noted increased incidence of MBC of 26% from 1973 to 1998 [4]. In the UK, current estimates indicate around 300 cases annually [5]. In contrast to western countries, the incidence of MBC in sub-Saharan Africa ranges from 1.3¨C15% [6¨C10]. In the past, incidence rates in Egypt were 12-times that of the United States but the current incidence rate (1.42%) is only slightly higher than the U.S. rate [11]. This has been attributed to the recent decline in Schistosoma parasitic infection and its associated liver fibrosis [11, 12]. In addition, it is estimated that approximately 10% of men with breast cancer have a genetic predisposition of which BRCA2 is the most clearly associated gene mutation [12, 13].
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbc/2012/845143/