%0 Journal Article
%T A Steady-State Evaluation of Simple Organic Rankine Cycle (SORC) with Low-Temperature Grade Waste Heat Source
%A Ali H. Tarrad
%J Journal of Power and Energy Engineering
%P 15-31
%@ 2327-5901
%D 2020
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/jpee.2020.87002
%X The
low-grade heat source recovery is usually constrained by the physical
characteristics of the hot fluid medium. The present work focuses on the
importance of energy recovery from
low-temperature waste energy sources and its conversion to useful electrical
power. The thermal performance analysis is based
on the utilization of R-123, R-134a, R-290, R-245fa, R-1234ze-E, and R-1233zd-E fluids in a simple organic Rankine cycle (SORC). A waste
energy source from an industrial sector is suggested to be available at a
temperature greater than 110 ˇăC. A hypothetical organic Rankine cycle of 10 kW
nominal heat recovery was implemented to evaluate the cycle performance. It
operates at evaporation and condensation
temperatures of 90 ˇăC and 45 ˇăC, respectively. The selected vapor
superheat degree at the expander entrance was 5 ˇăC - 15 ˇăC, and the liquid was
subcooled by 5 ˇăC at the discharge port of condenser. The estimated first law
cycle thermal efficiency fell in the range of 6.4% - 7.7%. The results showed
that the thermal efficiencies of R-134a, R-123, R-245fa, R-1233zd-E, and
R-1234ze-E were higher than that of R-290 by 10% - 14%, 11% - 12%, 9% - 12%, 4%
- 7% and 1% - 3%, respectively. R-1233zd-E, R-1234ze-E, and R-290 showed close thermal efficiency
values, and it fell in the range of 6.7% - 7% for the (SORC) at a superheat
degree of 15 ˇăC. At the same superheat degree, the corresponding range of
thermal efficiency for R-134a, R-123 and R-245fa fell within 7.5% - 7.7%.
R-134a possessed the highest net power output of the (SORC); it reached a value
of 0.91 kW as predicted at 15 ˇăC superheat degree. Increasing the expander
volumetric efficiency value by 10% improved the cycle thermal efficiency by 10%
- 12%.
%K Organic Rankine Cycle
%K Low Temperature
%K Waste Heat Source
%K Thermal Analysis
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=101883