针对镉污染在土壤中分布广泛、农业防治措施不完善等现状，对镉在环境中的分布、迁移转化和防治措施进行综述，包括土壤中镉的空间分布、镉的形态转化和影响因素、土壤中镉的迁移转化及镉污染控制措施等。根据镉在水平方向和垂直方向的分布特征，主要进行了物理、化学、生物和农业的迁移途径概述，相应地综述了重金属污染防治的措施，提出了镉的污染积累过量会通过食物链影响人畜健康，未来的研究重点是加强镉的动态监测，通过基因工程手段选育耐性品种来进行生物防治。
In view of the wide distribution of cadmium pollution in soil and the imperfection of agricultural control measures, this paper summarizes the distribution, migration and transformation of cad-mium in the environment and the control measures, including the spatial distribution of cadmium in soil, the morphological transformation and influencing factors of cadmium, the migration and transformation of cadmium in soil and the control measures of cadmium pollution. According to the distribution characteristics of cadmium in the horizontal and vertical directions, the physical, chemical, biological and agricultural migration pathways were summarized, and the measures to prevent and control heavy metal pollution were summarized. It is proposed that the excessive ac-cumulation of cadmium pollution will affect the health of humans and animals through the food chain. The future research focuses on strengthening the dynamic monitoring of cadmium, and breeding resistant varieties through genetic engineering means for biological control.