%0 Journal Article
%T 网络色情成瘾的发生、发展：个体易感因素、强化机制及神经机制<br>The Initiation and Development of Cybersex Addiction: Individual Vulnerability, Reinforcement Mechanism and Neural Mechanism
%A 何茜
%A 史亚欢
%A 张瞾
%A 罗文波
%A 何蔚祺
%J Advances in Psychology
%P 1183-1192
%@ 2160-7281
%D 2019
%I Hans Publishing
%R 10.12677/AP.2019.96146
%X <div style=\"text-align:justify;\">
	<span style=\"font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;\">网络色情使用在人群中极为普遍，不少个体因过度沉迷网络色情，身心健康、社会功能受到严重损伤,因此对网络色情成瘾发生机制的探索具有重大意义。文章从个体易感因素、强化机制及其神经机制三方面对其进行了阐述。结果发现某些个体因为其独特的人格、认知、生理心理因素成为易感人群。长期的网络色情使用经验导致该类人群对网络色情相关线索敏化，由此诱发的渴求感愈来愈强，在渴求感的诱惑及执行功能损伤的双重因素下强迫性使用网络色情，又因从中获得的满足感越来越弱，于是需要越来越多的网络色情行为维系先前的情绪状态以致成瘾。未来研究应对个体易感因素中遗传、压力易感性等要素及外部诱发因素进行探论，并深入探讨不同易感人群的网络色情成瘾发生机制，为临床预防、治疗提供参考。<br />
Cybersex is extremely popular among whole population. A lot of people who consume excess cybersex report social problems and mental distress, this renders studies on cybersex addiction practically significant. Here we elucidate initiation and development of cybersex addiction from the perspective of individual vulnerabilities, reinforcement mechanism and neural mechanism. It turns out some people are vulnerable to cybersex addiction because of specific personalities, cognitions and biopsychological constitutions. Personalities include personal traits tightly associated with cybersex addiction such as narcissism, sexual sensation seeking, sexual excitability, dysfunction use of sex and other common personality disorders like nervousness, low self-esteem, etc. Cognitions consist of problematic thoughts about the self, problematic thoughts about the world and cybersex-related cognitive bias. Biopsychological constitution refers to biological factors, early childhood experiences and psychopathologies like depression, anxiety, etc. Initiation and development of cybersex addiction have two stages including classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Firstly, individuals use cybersex occasionally out of entertainment and curiosity. On this stage, use of internet devices is paired with sexual arousal and that results in classical conditioning, further leads to sensitization of cybersex-related cues which trigger intense craving. Individual vulnerabilities also facilitate sensitization of cybersex-related cues. On the second stage, individuals make use of cybersex frequently to satisfy their sexual desires or relieve negative emotions. During this process, cybersex-related cognitive bias like positive expectation of cybersex and coping mechanism like using it to deal with negative emotions are positively reinforced, those personal traits associated with cybersex addiction such as narcissism, sexual sensation seeking, sexual excitability, dysfunction use of sex are also positively reinforced, while common personality disorders like nervousness, low self-esteem and psychopathologies like depression, anxiety are negatively reinforced. Meanwhile, executive
%K 网络色情成瘾，个体易感因素，强化机制，神经机制<br>Cybersex Addiction
%K Individual Vulnerability
%K Reinforcement Mechanism
%K Neural Mechanism
%U http://www.hanspub.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=31119