文章实证分析了各地区产业集聚、人口集聚对环境污染物排放的影响，回归结果显示，第二产业的集聚发展对现阶段我国中、西地区的环境质量改善发挥着“助力”作用，但长期来看，第二产业比重的提高对环境依然是不利的，而第三产业则是更环境友好的经济发展动力。同时，人口的集聚对环境的影响具有显著的倒U型特征，随着经济的发展，人口在城镇的集聚为污染的集中治理和环境质量的进一步提高提供了可能，促进了环境质量的改善。
The paper empirically analyzes the effects of industrial agglomeration and urbanization on envi-ronmental quality. The result shows that the secondary industrial agglomeration improves envi-ronmental quality of central and western regions at present stage. But over the long run, the in-crease of secondary industry’s proportion will reduce environmental quality, and the third industry is the environment-friendly economic development power. Meanwhile, urbanization and en-vironment showed a U-shaped relationship, the environmental impact of urbanization turned from negative to positive as the urbanization increases.