作为中国传统村落，十八洞村需要保护好建筑风貌和村落文化。而作为贫困落后地区，要想脱贫致富，实现乡村振兴，十八洞村需要将其最具优势的村落景观和民族文化资源加以开发利用，这无疑又会对传统村落带来一些消极影响。通过对十八洞村的实地考察和问卷调查，全面了解当地居民对于精准扶贫、传统村落的保护与旅游开发的意见，分析传统村落保护与旅游开发存在的问题，并提出相对应的对策措施，认为应在村落保护的前提下进行旅游开发，通过旅游开发提高当地居民的收入，以此来促进村落的保护，使精准扶贫、村落的保护与旅游开发三者平衡发展，最终实现传统村落的可持续发展。
As a traditional Chinese village, Shibadong village needs to protect its architectural style and cul-ture. As a poverty-stricken and backward area, in order to get rid of poverty and become rich and realize rural revitalization, Shibadong Village needs to develop and utilize its most advantageous village landscape and national cultural resources, which will undoubtedly bring some negative ef-fects on traditional villages. Through on-the-spot investigation and questionnaire survey of Shibadong Village, the author comprehensively understands the opinions of local residents on precise poverty alleviation, protection and tourism development of traditional villages, analyzes the problems existing in protection and tourism development of traditional villages, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The author believes that tourism development should be carried out on the premise of village protection, and the income of local residents should be increased through tourism development. This will promote the protection of villages, achieve the balanced development of targeted poverty alleviation, village protection and tourism development and ultimately achieve the sustainable development of traditional villages.