随着我国社会经济的发展和城市化，城市固体废弃物种类和数量不断增加，许多城市已经面临“垃圾围城”的窘况。城市固体废弃物不仅严重污染土壤、水体和空气，危害人体健康，而且影响城市景观，损害城市形象。本文对我国城市固体废弃物的现状及分类进行综述，阐述了填埋、焚烧、堆肥、热解等固体废弃物处理技术，并与当前国外一些发达国家的技术相比较，评价其优缺点，为探寻固体废弃物处理技术提供新思路、新方法。
With rapid economic growth and massive urbanization, the types and quantities of municipal solid waste continue to increase, and many cities have already faced the situation of “garbage siege”. Municipal solid waste not only seriously pollutes soil, water and atmosphere, but also endangers human health, influences urban landscape and damages the image of the city. This paper reviews the current status and classification of municipal solid waste in China, and discusses the solid waste treatment technologies of landfilling, incineration, composting and pyrolysis. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of these treatment technologies applied to some developed countries are evaluated to inspire the innovation of new methods and ideas for solid waste treat-ment.