森林土壤肥力评价可以为指导林业的可持续生产提供重要参考。以庐山亚热带典型的森林植被类型土壤为研究对象，在通过野外调查和室内测试分析获取数据的基础上，运用主成分分析法对其土壤肥力进行评价。结果表明，竹林下土壤酸性最强；落叶阔叶林下土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、全磷、有效磷、阳离子交换量(cation exchange capacity, CEC)平均含量最高；常绿阔叶林下土壤全钾、速效钾平均含量最高；不同森林植被类型下土壤肥力水平从高到低排序为：落叶阔叶林 > 常绿–落叶阔叶混交林 > 常绿阔叶林 > 竹林 > 灌丛 > 针阔混交林 > 马尾松林 > 黄山松林。该评价结果可以为亚热带地区森林的经营管理以及永续利用森林土壤提供科学依据。
Evaluation of forest soil fertility can provide important references for sustainable production of forestry. Selecting the soil under typical subtropical forest vegetation types as the study object, the principal component analysis method was used to evaluate soil fertility under different forest vegetation types in Lushan Mountain region based on the data from field survey and indoor tests analysis. The results showed that the soil under bamboo forest had the strongest acidity; the av-erage contents of soil organic matter, total N, hydrolysable N, total P, available P and CEC in the soil under deciduous broad-leaved forest were the highest; the average contents of total K and rapidly available K in the soil under evergreen broad-leaved forest were the highest; and the soil fertility under different vegetation types followed the order from high to low: deciduous broad-leaved forest > mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forest > evergreen broad-leaved forest > bamboo forest > shrub > mixed wood > Masson pine forest > Pinus taiwanensis forest. The evaluation results can provide scientific basis for forest management in subtropical regions and sustainable use of forest soil.