%0 Journal Article
%T 施氮量对南疆机采棉生长特性及产量的影响<br>Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Machine-picking Cotton in South Xinjiang
%A 石洪亮
%A 张巨松
%A 严青青
%A 田立文
%A 崔建平
%A 林
%A 涛
%A 郭仁松
%J 西北农业学报
%D 2017
%R 10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2017.03.011
%X 研究施氮量对南疆机采棉生长特性及产量的影响，以期为南疆机采棉栽培技术提供科学理论依据。在南疆自然生态条件下，以‘新陆中54号’为材料，采用单因素试验设计，设置4个施氮(纯 N)水平，分别为0 (N0)、150 (N1)、300 (N2)和450 kg/hm (N3)。结果表明，N2、N3处理较N1、N0处理花铃期延长4~8 d，N2处理有效增加真叶数、茎粗、倒四叶宽和有效果枝数，果枝始节高度合理（平均25.15 cm），符合机采要求；至盛花期，棉花的叶面积指数（LAI）及净光合速率（Pn）均达到最大值，分别为4.81和36.32 μmol/（m·s）；N2处理干物质积累量大，且向生殖器官转运率最高，为61.02%，增产效果最显著，为36.30%。在南疆机采棉种植模式下，施氮量为300 kg/hm时，棉花生长优，单株结铃数多，单铃质量大，籽棉产量最高，为5 781.7 kg/hm，且投入产出比最小，为0.72。<br>To study effects of nitrogen application rates on growth characteristics and yield of machine-picking in south Xinjiang,so as to provide scientific theoretical basis for cultivation of machine-picking cotton in south Xinjiang.Under natural ecological conditions in south Xinjiang,we took ‘Xinluzhong 54’ as test material,and used single factor experiment design to set up four nitrogen (pure N) levels,namely N0 (0 kg/hm),N1 (150 kg/hm),N2 (300 kg/hm),N3 (450 kg/hm).The results showed that blooming period was prolonged 4-8 days compared treatments of N2,N3 with N1,N0; N2 treatment effectively increased the number of stem leaf,fall four leaf width,stem diameter,effective fruit branch number; under the treatments of N2,N3,the height of first node was reasonable(Average 25.15 cm),and this met the requirements of machine-picking cotton; for full bolls stage,the LAI and Pn of cotton reached maximum,it was 4.81 and 36.32 μmol/(m·s) respectively; under the N2 treatment,dry matter accumulation was more,and highest rate to transit yield organs was greatest,it was 61.02% ,and could increase yield obviously,it reached to 36.30%.In cultivation practice for machine-picking cotton in south Xinjiang,cotton grew better when nitrogen application rate was 300 kg/hm,per plant had more boll number and heavy mass,the seed cotton yield was about 5 781.7 kg/hm and the input and output ratio was the least,of which was 0.72.
%K 机采棉 施氮量 生长特性 产量 投入产出比&lt
%K br&gt
%K Machine-picking cotton Nitrogen application rate Growth characteristics Yield Input and output ratio
%U http://xbnyxb.alljournals.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20170311&flag=1