%0 Journal Article %T 西北地区土壤低温处理对南方根结线虫越冬的影响<br>Effect of Soil Temperature Treatments on Overwintering of Meloidogyne incognita in Northwest China %A 洪 %A 波 %A 张 %A 锋 %A 李英梅 %A 刘 %A 晨 %A 陈志杰 %A 张淑莲 %J 西北农业学报 %D 2018 %R 10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2018.09.020 %X 冬季土壤温度是制约南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）越冬的关键环境因子，研究土壤低温对南方根结线虫越冬的影响，有助于对制约南方根结线虫越冬的其他环境因子进行深入研究，为进一步制定防治措施提供理论依据。在室内条件下，探明南方根结线虫致死低温和时间；在田间条件下，通过自动温度记录仪，从2012-2014年的每年冬季（11月至次年2月），对陕西省延安、大荔、杨凌和丹凤4个生态区样地露地、拱棚、温室3种种植模式下的土壤温度进行数据采集，并在次年春季调查各样地的蔬菜发病率及根结指数，阐明不同纬度的生态区及不同种植模式土壤温度对南方根结线虫越冬的影响。研究结果表明，（1）南方根结线虫在-1 ℃下持续32 d以上时法越冬。（2）陕西省1月土壤平均温度与根结指数线性相关，土壤平均温度在6 ℃以下时，对南方根结线虫的发生可起到抑制作用。（3）在延安地区南方根结线虫仅能通过温室条件下越冬，在杨凌、大荔和丹凤地区，南方根结线虫可在3种种植模式下越冬。因此，在陕西省延安以北地区，冬季通过土壤低温处理方法对南方根结线虫进行物理防治，能达到较好的防治效果。<br>Soil temperature in winter is a key climate factor to restrict overwintering of Meloidogyne incognita. The effect of soil temperature on overwintering of M.incognita could help study other factors which restrict overwintering of the nametode,and also provide a theoretical basis for finding control measures furtherly.The lethal temperature and time for M.incognita were founded in the laboratory;under the condition of 3 planting modes,by use of temperaturschreiber,we collected the data of soil temperature from four plots of ecological areas(open field,plastic house and greenhouse) in Yan’an,Dali,Yangling and Danfeng of Shaanxi Province in winter(November to February of next year) from 2012 to 2014，we also investigated the vegetable disease rate and root-knot index in the following spring and the effect of soil temperature under three cultivation conditions of various latitudinal ecological regions on overwintering of M.incognita.The results showed that:(1) M.incognita could not overwinter if the temperature remained at -1 ℃ for more than 32 days.(2)The relationship between root-knot index and soil temperature in January was linear,and the occurrence of M.incognita could be inhibited if soil temperature was below 6 ℃ in Shaanxi province.(3)M.incognita could only overwinter in greenhouse in Yan'an,while it could overwinter under all the three cultivation conditions in Yangling,Dali and Danfeng. In conclusion,treatment of soil low termperature had a better effect for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in winder of north area in Yan’an. %K 土壤温度 南方根结线虫 越冬 温室 拱棚< %K br> %K Soil temperature Meloidogyne incognita Overwintering Greenhouse Plastic house %U http://xbnyxb.alljournals.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20180920&flag=1