%0 Journal Article %T 陕西渭北农田土壤盐碱化空间分布及影响因素<br>Spatial Distribution of Farmland Soil Salinization and Its Influencing Factors in Weibei Area of Shaanxi Province %A 张蓉蓉 %A 樊会敏 %A 郭军艳 %A 张圣民 %A 许明祥 %A 佘 %A 雕 %J 西北农业学报 %D 2018 %R 10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2018.03.019 %X 为明确陕西省渭北地区农田土壤的盐碱化空间分布和主要影响因素，为区域耕地资源合理利用和低产田改良提供理论支持，以渭河以北、渭北低山及两侧的黄土高原和台塬为研究中心，通过区域调查、田间采样及室内分析，获得渭北0～60 cm土层的盐碱化数据及相对应的空间、土壤性质、地下水、作物产量数据，对土壤盐渍化程度的分布状况进行定量评价，结合GIS软件绘制不同土壤层次的盐碱化分布图，结果表明：渭北0～60 cm农田土壤盐碱化主要以轻度盐土和非碱化土为主，分别占农田总面积的93.5%和95.4%，各土层盐碱量从上到下逐渐增加，40～60 cm土层含盐量达2.06 g/kg，含碱量达4.93 g/kg。土壤含盐量和碱化度较高区域分布在临渭区、富平县和蒲城县交界区域（卤泊滩周边）及黄河、渭河、洛河交汇的大荔县部分区域（盐池洼周边），韩城市黄河沿岸区域含盐量也较高。渭北农田0~20 cm土层含盐量受地下水因素的影响最为明显，贡献率为43.55%，其次为空间因素和土壤因素。20~40 cm土层受土壤因素影响最为显著，贡献率达44.14%，空间、地下水、管理因素次之。40~60 cm土层较20~40 cm土层受土壤因素影响更为显著，贡献率为68.34%，管理、空间、地下水因素次之。<br>In order to make clear the spatial distribution of farmland soil salinization and its influencing factors in Weibei area of Shaanxi province, taking the northern part of Weihe, the low mountain and the Loess terraced plateau in Weibei area as research center, we obtained salinization data at 0-60 cm soil layer through soil sampling and laboratory test. The spatial location, soil property, groundwater and crop yield were also collected through regional investigation. The distribution of soil salinization was evaluated and mapped based on GIS. The results showed that the salinization at 0-60 cm soil layer in farmland of Weibei area was mainly composed of mild saline soil and non-alkaline soil, accounting for 93.5% and 95.4% of the total area of farmland, respectively. The soil salt content increased gradually from top to bottom, salt content at 40-60 cm soil layer reached 2.06 g/kg, the alkali content was 4.93 g/kg. The region of soil salinity and alkalinity distributed with high content in the border region of Linwei District, Fuping county and Pucheng county ( surrounding area in Lubotan), and the Yellow River, Weihe, Luohe junction region of Dali county (Yanchiwa surrounding area), the Yellow River valley area of Hancheng city with a high amount of salt. The salt content at 0-20 cm soil layers in Weibei farmland was most obviously affected by groundwater, accounting for 43.55% of the total variation of the salinity, followed by spatial location and soil factors. The salinity at 20-40 cm soil layer was greatly affected by soil factors with a contribution rate of 44.14%, followed by the spatial location, groundwater and management factors. The soil factors had stronger effect on soil salt content in 40-60 cm soil layer than that in 20-40 cm soil layer with a higher contribution rate of 68.34%. The results will provide a reasonable support for rational utilization of cultivated land resources and improvement of low yield farmland. %K 渭北 盐碱化 空间分布 影响因素< %K br> %K Weibei area Salinization Spatial distribution Influencing factors %U http://xbnyxb.alljournals.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20180319&flag=1