%0 Journal Article %T 燕麦叶斑病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性<br>Identification and biological characteristics of leaf spot pathogen Drechslera avenacea in oat %A 张笑宇 %A 孙雪梅 %A 周洪友 %A 赵桂琴 %A 王凤梧 %A 高卿 %A Zhang Xiaoyu %A Sun Xuemei %A Zhou Hongyou %A Zhao Guiqin %A Wang Fengwu %A Gao Qing %J 植物保护学报 %D 2017 %R 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2017.2016071 %X 为明确内蒙古、河北地区燕麦叶斑病病原菌种类及其生物学特性，采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离，通过形态学特征及18S rDNA序列分析进行分类鉴定，以离体和活体叶片接种进行致病性测定，并采用十字交叉法对病原菌的生物学特性进行研究。结果表明，共分离到3株菌株R1、H44和B8，根据形态学特征和18S rDNA序列分析将3株菌株均鉴定为燕麦内脐蠕孢菌Drechslera avenacea（M.A.Curtis ex Cooke）Shoemaker，有性态为燕麦核腔菌Pyrenophora avenae S.Ito etKurib.。3株菌株均为致病菌，在离体和活体叶片上均能产生腐烂坏死病斑。3株菌株的菌丝在5~30℃、pH 5~11范围内均可生长，其中菌株R1和H44的最适生长温度为25℃、最适生长pH为8，菌株B8的最适生长温度为20~25℃、最适生长pH为7~8。3株菌株对碳源的利用效果中均以淀粉最好，对乳糖利用效果最差；菌株R1的最适氮源是硝酸铵，对蛋白胨和尿素利用效果最差；菌株H44和B8的最适氮源是蛋白胨，菌株H44对硫酸铵利用效果较差，3株菌株都不能利用碳酸铵，且菌株B8也不能利用尿素。<br>In order to clarify the pathogen and the biological characteristics of oat leaf spot disease occurred in Inner Mongolia and Hebei,China,the pathogen was isolated from the infected leaves with tissue isolation method.The identification of pathogen was done by 18S rDNA sequence analysis and morphology,the pathogenicity was tested in vitro and in vivo,and biological characteristics were determined with crossing method.Three strains,R1,H44 and B8,were obtained,and all of them were pathogen.Based on pathogen morphology and 18S rDNA sequence analysis the isolates were identified as Drechslera avenacea and its sexual generation was Pyrenophora avenae.This pathogen showed the symptom with necrosis and rot spot in vitro and in vivo on leaves.This pathogen could grow under the condition of 5-30℃ and pH 5-11.For strains R1 and H44,the optimum temperature and pH were 25℃ and pH 8.However,for strain B8,the optimum temperature and pH were 20-25℃ and pH 7-8.Starch,not the lactose was the optimal carbon source for mycelia growth of three strains.The optimal nitrogen source was ammonium nitrate for strain R1 comparing with the peptone and urea.The peptone was optimal nitrogen source for strains H44 and B8,the ammonium sulfate was not suitable for strain H44.The three strains could not grow in medium containing ammonium carbonate.Strain B8 could not grow in medium containing urea. %K 燕麦 燕麦内脐蠕孢菌 叶斑病 鉴定 生物学特性< %K br> %K oats Drechslera avenacea leaf spot identification biological characteristics %U http://www.zwbhxb.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20170317&flag=1