%0 Journal Article
%T 氟啶胺等杀菌剂对不同发育阶段小麦赤霉病菌的毒力及其作用方式<br>Toxicity and modes of action of fluazinam and other fungicides against wheat Fusarium graminearum at different life stages
%A 邵莒南
%A 徐大同
%A 李慧
%A 慕卫
%A 刘峰
%A Shao Junan
%A Xu Datong
%A Li Hui
%A Mu Wei
%A Liu Feng
%J 植物保护学报
%D 2016
%R 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2016.02.020
%X 为筛选高效防治小麦赤霉病的药剂,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了5种杀菌剂对不同发育阶段小麦赤霉病菌的毒力,并测定了田间接种条件下对小麦赤霉病的保护和治疗效果。结果表明,氟啶胺对小麦赤霉病菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发、芽管伸长和产孢的毒力均较高,EC50≤0.249μg/mL;咯菌腈可抑制该病菌菌丝生长、芽管伸长和产孢,EC50≤0.881μg/mL,但对孢子萌发几乎抑制作用;菌毒清对分生孢子萌发、芽管伸长和产孢的毒力稍低,EC50在5.726~10.244μg/mL之间,但高于其对菌丝生长的毒力;甲基硫菌灵和嘧菌酯对各发育阶段病菌的毒力均较低。在田间,接种前3d施药,咯菌腈和氟啶胺对小麦赤霉病的保护效果较好,200g(a.i.)/hm2处理的效果在80.01%以上,可作为保护剂在发病前使用;菌毒清在接种前3d和接种后3d使用时保护效果和治疗效果均较高,200g(a.i.)/hm2处理的防效均在69.99%以上,既可作为保护剂在发病前使用,也可作为治疗剂在发病后使用。<br>To evaluate the effects of fungicides on Fusarium graminearum, the toxicities against mycelium growth rate, conidial germination, germ tube elongation and the spore production of F. graminearumwere determined by using mycelium growth rate and conidial germination methods, and the field inoculation experiment was also carried out to determine the field control effect. The results showed that fluazinam could strongly inhibit the mycelium growth, conidial germination, hyphal growth and sporulation of F. graminearum with EC50≤ 0.249 μg/mL. Fludioxonil strongly inhibited the mycelium growth, hyphal growth and sporulation with EC50≤ 0.881 μg/mL, but its effect on conidial germination was inferior. The inhibitory activities of dioctyl divinyltriamino glycine against the conidial germination, hyphal growth and sporulation were better than against mycelium growth with EC50 at 5.726-10.244 μg/mL. Thiophanate-methyl and azoxystrobin were poor in inhibiting F. graminearum at all stages. In field trials, the control efficacies of fludioxonil and fluazinam at 200 g (a.i.)/hm2 against Fusarium head blight were higher than 80.01% when used three days before the inoculation of F. graminearum, which could be used as a protective fungicide before the invasion of the pathogen. The efficacy of dioctyl divinyltriamino glycine at 200 g (a.i.)/hm2 were higher than 69.99% either three days before or after the inoculation of F. graminearum, which could be used either before or after the invasion of this pathogen.
%K 小麦赤霉病菌 杀菌剂 毒力 作用方式&lt
%K br&gt
%K Fusarium graminearum fungicide toxicity control efficacy mode of action
%U http://www.zwbhxb.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20160220&flag=1