%0 Journal Article
%T 农村产业发展中的“小农境地”与国家困局—基于西部某贫困村产业扶贫实践的社会学分析<br>"Peasant Condition" and Dilemma in the Development of Agriculture—The Sociological Analysis on a Case of a Poor Village in Western China
%A 王春光
%J 中国农业大学学报（社会科学版)
%D 2018
%X 农村产业扶贫政策作为国家在贫困地区推动农业现代化的具体实践,核心是在农业生产层面对小农逻辑进行全面改造,即从“为生存而生产”向“为市场而生产”转型。 但是,旨在“帮助小农户对接市场”的产业扶贫政策,并不能达成令人满意的预期效果,乃至遭遇失败,产生了“小农境地”。 本研究对一个贫困村的产业扶贫实践进行了历时和共时的分析,揭示了为何政策实践会陷入“动员—失败—再动员冶的困境,讨论了相关政策的合理性和有效性;围绕“国家、农民和市场”关系,通过对产业扶贫政策的反思,发现国家在“改造农民”和“驾驭市场”方面面临的双重困境,原因在于政策定位和聚焦不合理。 由此本文提出了产业扶贫政策应该进行“服务转向”,即要以农业基础设施建设、生产性服务提供、农民技术培训等方面为主,将政策焦点转向生产软硬环境的建构、增加公共产品的供给。 “服务转向”也意味着将农民的需要和利益诉求放在核心位置,这包含着农民赋权的维度,因为只有构建了自下而上的政策参与渠道,才能够发挥农民的主体性,使他们以积极的方式参与决策和作出政策反馈,而不是只能以“弱武器”的形式进行抵抗。<br>Poverty alleviation policy is implemented in the poor region of China, which is aiming at promoting the moderni zation of agriculture, the key is to reconstruct the logic of small peasant,from “produce for survival” to “produce for mar ket”. But, Poverty alleviation policy in agriculture which focuses on helping the small peasant to adapt to the market, doesn’t live up to the expectation, even became a complete failure. This paper is based on a case study of a poor village, with Synchronic and Diachronic Analysis, it reveals the reason why alleviation policy encountered the dilemma of “mobilization—failure—remobilization”,and also discussed effectiveness of the policy;by focusing on the relationship between “state,peasant and market”,this paper reflected on current policy practices and revealed the state facing a double predicament of both reforming peasants and controlling market. Hence, it is suggested that Poverty alleviation in agriculture should focus on the aspect of service provision, which includes the provision of agriculture infrastructure, producer services and technical training,devoting to the construct of both environment of software and hardware,also increasing the supply of public goods. Emphasizing the aspect of service provision also means attaching importance to the needs and interests of peasants,value their subjunctive,allow them to participant in policy processes instead of using “Weapons of the Weak”as a form of resistance.
%K 产业扶贫 回应 商品化 风险管理&lt
%K br&gt
%K Poverty alleviation in agriculture Resistance Commercialization Risk management
%U http://zgnydxsk.cnjournals.net/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20180305&flag=1