%0 Journal Article
%T 比赛情境因素对中国足球超级联赛技战术表现的影响研究<br>Influences of Match Situational Variables on Technical and Tactical Performance of Football Teams in China Football Association Super League (CSL)
%A 谢军
%A 刘鸿优
%J 北京体育大学学报
%D 2017
%R 10.19582/j.cnki.11-3785/g8.2017.02.017
%X 摘要：研究目的：对比赛情境因素对中国足球超级联赛技战术表现的影响进行实证研究与分析。研究方法：以2014和2015赛季中超联赛的480场比赛为研究对象，以每场比赛中的每支球队的19个技战术行为与事件的统计次数（技战术指标）为因变量，以参赛球队实力和比赛对手实力（赛季末排名1-8名为上游球队、9-16为下游球队）、比赛场地（主场和客场）以及比赛结果（胜、平、负）为自变量。采取独立样本t检验和方差分析的统计学方法，对不同比赛情境下，中超联赛球队的技战术指标的统计均值进行差异性检验。研究结果：1）上游球队在射门、射正球门两项射门相关技战术指标，控球率、传球、传球成功率、传中、被犯规、越位和角球7项进攻组织相关技战术指标均高于下游球队(P<0.01)，而在所有的防守相关变量中，上游球队与下游球队的技战术表现未体现出显著性差异(P介于0.359和0.882)；2）相对于面对下游球队，当面对上游球队时，参赛队伍完成更少的射门、射正球门、传球、传中和角球(P<0.001)，实现更低的控球率和传球成功率(P<0.001)，但完成更多的抢断、犯规、黄牌和红牌(P介于0.001和0.019)；3）主场球队在射门、射正球门、控球率、传球、传球成功率、传中、被犯规、角球和头球成功率9项技战术指标均高于客场球队(P<0.01)，同时，主场球队在犯规和黄牌两项指标上低于客场球队(P<0.005)；4）区分获胜、战平和失利球队比赛技战术表现特征的指标包括：射门(F2,957=20.099, P<0.001, ηp2=0.040)、射正球门(F2,957=79.113, P<0.001, ηp2=0.142)、射正率(F2,957=51.026, P<0.001, ηp2=0.096)、控球率(F2,957=4.181, P=0.016, ηp2=0.009)、传球(F2,957=5.107, P=0.006, ηp2=0.011)、传球成功率(F2,957=8.713, P<0.001, ηp2=0.018)、直塞(F2,957=8.762, P<0.001, ηp2=0.018)、越位(F2,957=6.658, P=0.001, ηp2=0.014)和红牌(F2,957=16.486, P<0.001, ηp2=0.033)。研究结论：数据统计的结果证实了足球运动队的比赛技战术表现在不同的比赛情境因素影响之下体现出不同的特征。足球相关从业人员在足球比赛和训练实践中应该纳入比赛情境因素的影响。<br>Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of match situational variables on technical and tactical performance of football teams in the China Football Association Super League (CSL). Methods: All the 480 matches in CSL of season 2014 and 2015 were chosen. The count values of 19 technical and tactical match actions and events (performance indicators) were selected as independent variables, the four situational variables: quality of team and opponent (Top 8 teams will be classified as uper-ranked teams and the other 8 teams as lower-ranked team at the end of season), match location (home and away) and match results (win, draw and loss) were selected as dependent variables. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA were employed to compare the differences in each performance indicator under different match situations. Results: 1) Upper-ranked teams achieved higher values in shot, shot on target, ball possession, pass, pass accuracy, cross fouls drawn, offside and corner than lower-ranked teams (Ps < 0.01), but showed no significant difference in defending-related performance indicators (P = 0.359 -0.882). 2) Compared with games against lower-ranked opponents, teams in matches against upper-ranked opponents, achieved fewer shots, shots on target, passes, crosses, and corners (Ps < 0.001), lower ball possession and pass accuracy (Ps < 0.001), more tackles, fouls committed, yellow cards and red cards (P =0.001 - 0.019). 3) Teams in home games achieved
%K football technical and tactical analysis performance analysis home advantage match situation
%U http://xuebao.bsu.edu.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20170217&flag=1