%0 Journal Article
%T 生长发育与体力活动、运动表现及体适能关系研究的10大问题<br>Top 10 Research Questions Related to Growth and Maturation of Relevance to Physical Activity, Performance, and Fitness
%A Robert M. Malina
%J 北京体育大学学报
%D 2015
%R 10.19582/j.cnki.11-3785/g8.2015.10.007
%X 摘要：在儿童少年的前20年生命中，生长、发育和行为发展几乎每天都在发生。生长和发育是一个生物进程，而行为发展则主要涉及行为过程。这3个过程相辅相成、相互作用，它们均会受到体力活动影响，同时也会影响体力活动、运动表现和体适能水平。考虑到这些潜在的交互作用，本文提出了关于生长发育和体力活动、运动表现及体适能关系的10大研究问题。这些问题互相之间并不排斥，并且提出了若干个特定的领域：体育锻炼与生长、体重状态(体重指数、脂肪重聚、不健康体重增加)、动作技能娴熟度（movement proficiency）（壁垒假说、肥胖角色）、个体差异、追踪、与发育有关的运动表现差异、体力活动差异。每部分讨论的关键是需要用一种生物文化的方法来探索生物的和行为的交互作用对变量的潜在影响。<br>Abstract: Growth, maturation, and development dominate the daily lives of children and adolescents for approximately the first 2 decades of life. Growth and maturation are biological processes, while development is largely a behavioral process. The 3 processes occur simultaneously and interact. They can be influenced by physical activity and also can influence activity, performance, and fitness. Allowing for these potential interactions, 10 questions on growth and maturation that have relevance to physical activity, performance, and fitness are presented. The questions are not mutually exclusive and address several broadly defined topical areas: exercise and growth, body weight status (body mass index, adiposity rebound, “unhealthy weight gain”), movement proficiency (hypothesized barrier, role in obesity), individual differences, tracking, maturity-associated variation in performance, and corresponding variation in physical activity. Central to the discussion of each is the need for a biocultural approach recognizing the interactions of biology and behavior as potential influences on the variables of interest
%K body mass index motor competence peak height velocity tracking
%U http://xuebao.bsu.edu.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20151007&flag=1