%0 Journal Article %T 西藏蟾蜍皮肤的组织学观察<br>Histological Observation of Bufo tibetanus Skin %A 高凤娟 %A 李丕鹏 %A 王译唱 %A 陆宇燕 %J 四川动物 %D 2016 %X 中文摘要：为了解西藏蟾蜍 Bufo tibetanus与其高海拔生活环境的适应性,采用常规石蜡切片和苏木精-伊红染色方法,对西藏蟾蜍雌雄性头部、躯干和四肢的背、腹侧皮肤显微结构进行了观察、测量和比较。结果显示皮肤的基本结构与已报道的无尾两栖类相似,由表皮和真皮组成。表皮较薄,由5~8层细胞构成,由外到内分为角质层、中间层和基底层。真皮较厚,分为疏松层和致密层。各部位大多表现为背侧皮肤厚度大于腹侧,相应部位大多为雌性大于雄性。皮肤厚度的变化在一定程度上与西藏蟾蜍运动方式和繁殖期间抱对行为相适应。皮肤腺体分粘液腺和颗粒腺2种。色素细胞主要分布在疏松层近表皮处,但在表皮和腺体周围也可见色素细胞的不连续分布。皮肤中毛细血管极其丰富,不仅在表皮下几乎成连续分布,而且在腺体周围也有密集分布。西藏蟾蜍皮肤结构明显表现出与生活环境中强紫外辐射和缺氧环境相适应的特点。<br>英文摘要：In order to understand the skin adaptability of Tibetan toad ( Bufo tibetanus) that was responsible for its living environment at high elevation, the microstructural characteristics of its dorsal and ventral skins of head, trunk and limbs were studied from male and female specimens by normal histological method. The results showed that the basic structure of the skin was composed of epidermis and dermis, which was similar to other amphibians. The epidermis was thin and consisted of stratum corneum, middle layer and stratum basale with 5 to 8 layers of cells. The dermis was thick and consisted of stratum spongiosum and stratum compactum. The dorsal skin was thicker than the ventral one on the corresponding parts, and the female skin was thicker than the male. Changes in skin thickness were related to the movement pattern and the amplexus behavior to a certain extent. Skin glands could be divided into mucus glands and granular glands. The chromatophores were mainly distributed in the stratum spongiosum near the epidermis, as well as discontinuously distributed in the epidermis and the surrounding of glands. The capillary vessels were abundant in skin, which were not only continuously distributed in the epidermis but also densely distributed around the glands. In conclusion, the structures of the toad skin were closely adapted to the strong ultraviolet radiation and hypoxic environment. 2016,(35): 444-451 收稿日期：2016-01-29 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160026 分类号：Q959.5;Q954 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30870276) 作者简介：高凤娟(1990-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:两栖爬行动物环境毒理学,E-mail:279324525@qq.com *通讯作者：陆宇燕,E-mail:luyuyan2001@yahoo.com 参考文献： 曹燕, 谢峰, 江建平. 2011. 齿突蟾属四种物种皮肤的组织学观察[J]. 四川动物, 30(2):214-219. 费梁, 叶昌媛, 江建平. 2010. 中国两栖动物彩色图鉴[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社:239-240. 高凤娟, 李丕鹏, 陆宇燕. 2015. 花背蟾蜍皮肤结构及其抗氧化和免疫功能的研究[J]. 沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版), 33(3):324-328. 耿欣莲. 1959. 大蟾蜍( Bufo bufo gararizans Cantor)皮肤在不同季节中的组织学观察[J]. 动物学报, 11(3):313-325. 贾丽丽, 田川, 李淑兰. 2013. 繁殖期东北林蛙两性皮肤组织结构的差异性比较[J]. 中国农学通报, 29(2):23-26. 雷飞宙, 江建平, 李成, 等. 2012. 角蟾亚科3物种皮肤的组织学观察[J]. 动物学杂志, 47(3):20-27. 李丕鹏, 方荣盛. 1992. 山溪鲵皮肤及其腺体的显微结构观察[J]. 两栖爬行动物学研究, (1, 2辑):15-18. 李洋, 金磊, 李昌春, 等. 2009. 黑斑蛙、虎纹蛙和牛蛙皮肤的比较组织学[J]. 安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版), 32(5):466-470. 梁刚, 王琼霞. 2004. %K 西藏蟾蜍 %K 皮肤 %K 显微结构< %K br> %K 英文关键字： Bufo tibetanus %K skin %K microstructure %U http://www.scdwzz.com/viewmulu.aspx?qi_id=1571&mid=48819&xuhao=24