%0 Journal Article
%T 播期对夏玉米产量与光合特性的影响
%A 刘萍
%A 徐顺飞
%A 杜庆平
%A 王奎萍
%J 南京农业大学学报
%D 2016
%R 10.7685/jnau.201602019
%X [目的] 本文旨在研究播期对夏玉米产量与光合特性的影响。[方法] 以‘苏玉31’和‘苏玉33’为材料，设置4个播期：6月17日（A1，CK）、6月24日（A2）、7月1日（A3）和7月8日（A4），测定玉米拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期、乳熟期和成熟期叶面积指数、叶片光合特征值（净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率），成熟期测定产量及考察其构成因素。[结果] 随着播期的推迟，各品种播种至吐丝的时间缩短，灌浆期日平均温度、有效积温呈下降趋势；产量显著受播期影响，2013年A3处理的产量最高（‘苏玉31’为11 420.4 kg？hm-2），2014年A1处理的产量最高（‘苏玉31’为12 782.7 kg？hm-2，‘苏玉33’为11 619.3 kg？hm-2），其他处理产量降低主要表现在穗粒数和籽粒质量下降明显；各品种叶面积指数、叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均随着生育进程呈单峰曲线，在吐丝期达到最大值，2013年A3处理、2014年A1处理各指标值在吐丝期最大，并在吐丝后保持了较慢的下降速率，而叶片胞间CO2浓度的变化则与上述情况相反。[结论] 中熟夏玉米适期播种（6月底至7月上旬）有利于形成高光效群体和提高产量。</br>[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sowing time on the yield and photosynthetic characteristics of summer maize. [Methods] ‘Suyu 31’ and ‘Suyu 33’ were taken as the research materials to measure their LAI and the value of photosynthetic characteristics(including the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate) during the growth stage(jointing,trumpeting,silking,milk-ripening and maturity) and the yield at maturity was measured and its component factors were studied at four different sowing dates(June 17th(A1),June 24th(A2),July 1st(A3) and July 8th(A4)). [Results] The period from planting to silking was shortened,and daily mean temperature and effective accumulated temperature during the filling stage decreased along with sowing time postponing. The yield was affected by the sowing time signifi-cantly. In 2013,the A3 treatment demonstrated the highest yield(‘Suyu 31’ was 11 420.4 kg？hm-2),and in 2014,the A1 treatment demonstrated the highest yield(‘Suyu 31’ and ‘Suyu 33’ were 12 782.7 kg？hm-2 and 11 619.3 kg？hm-2,respectively),and the difference between treatments achieved a significant level. The other treatments showed significant reduction in kernel numbers and weights. The LAI,net photosynthetic rate,intercellular concentration and transpiration rate of the ‘Suyu31’ and ‘Suyu33’ presented as a single peak curve at developing stage,and the maximum appeared in silking stage,and the value of the A3 treatment in 2013,and A1 treatment in 2014 demonstrated the highest,which reduced slowly after silking. Instead,the changes of the intercellular CO2 concentration were contrary to the above-mentioned results. [Conclusions] Sowing at appropriate period(from the end of June to early in July) will be beneficial for summer maize with medium maturity to produce the high population photosynthesis and to increase the yield
%K 夏玉米
%K 播期
%K 产量
%K 光合特性&lt
%K /br&gt
%K summer maize
%K sowing date
%K yield
%K photosynthetic characteristics
%U http://nauxb.njau.edu.cn/oa/darticle.aspx?type=view&id=201605003