%0 Journal Article
%T 不同土壤改良剂对整治烟田土壤团聚体组成的影响
%A 朱经伟
%A 张云贵
%A 李志宏
%A 冉传贤
%A 张恒
%A 刘青丽
%A 李雪华
%A 石俊雄
%J 南京农业大学学报
%D 2018
%R 10.7685/jnau.201705012
%X [目的]探究不同土壤改良剂对整治烟田土壤（黄壤）团聚体组成的影响，旨在为快速改善烟田土壤物理性质提供依据。[方法]设计常规施肥基础上分别配施石灰、玉米秸秆、玉米秸秆炭、石灰+玉米秸秆、石灰+玉米秸秆炭的田间试验，测定土壤水稳定性团聚体粒径分布、土壤团聚体质量、水稳定性土壤团聚体的贡献率等指标。[结果]常规施肥条件下施用石灰或再配施玉米秸秆有利于减少水稳定性团聚体中较小粒径组分的质量分数，玉米秸秆较玉米秸秆炭更适于配施石灰以降低水稳定性大团聚体中小粒径组分的质量分数。在常规施肥条件下，玉米秸秆较玉米秸秆炭更适于配施石灰以提高土壤团聚体阻碍水的破坏作用的能力。与常规施肥（对照）相比，石灰+玉米秸秆处理水稳定性团聚体的平均质量直径和几何平均直径分别显著提高37%~57%和33%~111%，团聚体分形维数分别降低1.1%和0.8%，显著改善了烟田土壤水稳定性团聚体的粒径分布及其稳定性。石灰、玉米秸秆和玉米秸秆炭等对土壤水稳定性团聚体指标的贡献率表明，石灰在玉米秸秆还田快速整治烟田土壤团聚体组成中起主要作用。[结论]常规施肥条件下配施22.5 t？hm-2石灰和15 t？hm-2玉米秸秆能够在短期内促进烟田土壤形成较大粒径团聚体，协调土壤团聚体粒径组分并提高团聚体稳定性，达到改良整治烟田土壤物理性质的效果。</br>[Objectives]This study was to explore different soil amendments on soil aggregate structure and thus to provide a basis for the rapid improvements of soil physical properties. [Methods]Field experiments were conducted to compare the characteristics of soil aggregate structure under the control of different soil amendments from a renovated tobacco field in Zunyi City with indexes such as particle size distribution,quality of aggregates,contribution rate of water-stable aggregates and so on. The different soil amendments included conventional fertilization,conventional fertilization plus lime,corn stalks,carbonizied corn stalks,and lime+corn stalks,and lime+carbonizied corn stalks. [Results]Under conventional fertilization,lime and lime+corn stalks were more beneficial to reduce mass fraction of small particle size component of water stable aggregate,and corn stalks were more suitable to co-apply with lime than carbonizied of corn stalks to impede the destruction rate of aggregates from water. Application of lime plus corn stalks could significantly increase mean mass diameters and geometrical mean diameters of water stability aggregates by 37%-57% and 33%-111%, and reduced the fractal dimension by 1.1% and 0.8%,respectively,compared to the conventional fertilization. This could significantly improve the size distribution and the structure of the soil aggregate structure from a renovated tobacco field. Through calculated the contribution rate of lime,corn stalks and carbonized corn stalks to the soil aggregates,the application of lime played the leading role in the rapid improvement on aggregate structure in renovated tobacco field with corn stalks returning. [Conclusions]Conventional fertilization incorporated with 22.5 t？hm-2 lime and 15 t？hm-2 corn stalks was beneficial to the formation of large soil aggregates,coordination of the components of soil aggregate size and improve the stability of soil aggregate structure from a renovated tobacco field in short term periods
%K 石灰
%K 玉米秸秆
%K 玉米秸秆炭
%K 土壤团聚体
%K 整治烟田&lt
%K /br&gt
%K lime
%K corn stalks
%K carbonized corn stalks
%K soil aggregate
%K renovated tobacco field
%U http://nauxb.njau.edu.cn/oa/darticle.aspx?type=view&id=201802018