%0 Journal Article
%T 不同表面处理对麦秸秆结构和性能的影响
%A 何春霞
%A 傅雷鸣
%A 熊静
%A 刁含梅
%J 南京农业大学学报
%D 2016
%R 10.7685/jnau.201507002
%X [目的] 探讨酸、碱、水热处理对麦秸秆性能的影响。[方法] 分别用20 g？L-1 NaOH、20 g？L-1草酸和热水对麦秸秆表面进行处理,并测试3种表面处理和未处理麦秸秆的拉伸强度和弹性模量,用热重分析法(TG)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析它们的热性能,用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析它们的化学官能团,并观察麦秸秆经不同表面处理后其内外表面的微观结构。[结果] 不同处理方法对麦秸秆的拉伸强度和弹性模量均有较大影响,经NaOH处理后的麦秸秆拉伸强度和弹性模量较大,其次是水热处理,而草酸处理会降低麦秸秆的拉伸性能。不同表面处理麦秸秆的热失重趋势相同,在250~400 ℃内质量损失均较大,质量损失从大到小的处理依次为:20 g？L-1 NaOH处理(损失41.52%)、水热处理(损失34.98%)、未处理(损失29.57%)、20 g？L-1草酸处理(损失27.61%)。[结论] 不同表面处理均能够去除麦秸秆表面部分蜡质层,NaOH处理对麦秸秆表面蜡质层去除较多,使其表皮下层组织暴露增加,还能破坏C-O键,溶解麦秸秆中木质素和半纤维素,而水热处理对麦秸秆内外表面影响较小。</br>[Objectives] In order to investigate the effects of acid,alkali and hydrothermal treatment on the properties of wheat straw materials. [Methods] The wheat straw had been processed with sodium hydroxide(NaOH),oxalic acid and hydrothermal. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of wheat straw materials treated in three different ways and untreated were measured. The thermal performance of these materials was analyzed by thermo gravimetric analysis(TG)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)was used to characterize the chemical structure of these materials. And the microstructure of internal and external surface of wheat straw were observed by SEM. [Results] The results showed that different treatments had great influence on the tensile strength and elastic modulus of wheat straw materials. Materials treated by NaOH had higher tensile strength and elastic modulus,followed by hydrothermal treatment. Oxalic acid treatment could reduce the tensile property of wheat straw. Different treatments of wheat straw had the same trend in TG curves,and the larger weight loss was in 250-400 ℃. Weight loss from large to small was as follows:20 g？L-1 NaOH treatment was 41.52%,hydrothermal treatment was 34.98%,untreated was 29.57%,20 g？L-1 oxalic acid treatment was 27.61%. [Conclusions] Different treatments could make part of wax layer of wheat straw remove the surface of wheat straw. NaOH treatment removed more wax layer,increased exposure of lower epidermis tissue,and also destroyed the C-O bond,which led to the dissolution of lignin and hemicellulose of wheat straw. While hydrothermal treatment had less effect on internal and external surface of wheat straw
%K 麦秸秆
%K 拉伸性能
%K 热性能
%K FTIR&lt
%K /br&gt
%K wheat straw
%K tensile properties
%K thermal properties
%K FTIR
%U http://nauxb.njau.edu.cn/oa/darticle.aspx?type=view&id=201602021