%0 Journal Article
%T 苦葛皂苷对福寿螺耗氧及排氨的影响
%A 田悦
%A 吕天星
%A 杨苑钊
%A 侯鑫鑫
%A 陈华保
%A 张敏
%A 龚国淑
%A 杨春平
%J 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)
%D 2017
%R 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.10.241
%X 为明确苦葛皂苷对福寿螺呼吸代谢的影响，测定了不同苦葛皂苷质量浓度、不同水体培养温度和不同螺质量下苦葛皂苷处理与未处理正常福寿螺（对照）耗氧率、排氨率及氧氮比的差异。结果表明：苦葛皂苷处理组福寿螺的耗氧率及排氨率均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05)；在水温28 ℃、苦葛皂苷质量浓度40 mg/L条件下，处理组福寿螺的耗氧率、排氨率分别为0.19、0.02 mg/(g·h)，而对照组高达0.88、0.07 mg/(g·h)；苦葛皂苷处理组福寿螺的氧氮比值显著降低，说明福寿螺代谢方式发生改变，由以蛋白质及脂肪和糖类共同代谢转向以蛋白质代谢为主。本研究结果揭示了苦葛皂苷的作用机制可能是通过降低福寿螺的呼吸代谢水平，抑制脂肪和糖类代谢能力，迫使福寿螺通过增加蛋白质代谢进行免疫应激，最终导致螺体能量供应不足而中毒死亡。 通讯作者: 杨春平（http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3433-7835） E-mail: chunping79@163.com</br>Abstract: Pomacea canaliculata is an introduced aquatic animal which has transformed into a malignant aquatic animal of paddy and other aquatic plants in China. In addition, the snail also acts as an intermediate host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and the main causative agent of human eosinophilic encephalitis. Moreover, the snail consumes dissolved oxygen in freshwater, causing destruction of the aquatic environment. As a result, P. canaliculata was listed as an invasive species in China by the Chinese State Environmental Protection Administration in 2003. It is necessary to prevent the species from spreading further and expanding its population. Pueraria peduncularis Grah. is a traditional Chinese medicine that belongs to the Pueraria family within the Leguminosae, and distributes widely across southwestern China. In terms of agricultural activity, the herb is biologically active against a variety of agricultural pests, and has insecticidal, bactericidal, and slug-killing activities. In our previous study, we found that P. peduncularis extracts had extremely strong toxicity against the apple snail and further identified the active compound as pedunsaponin, which has LC50 value of 3.89 mg/L and great molluscicidal potential. To explore the effects of pedunsaponin on the respiratory metabolism of P. canaliculata, the oxygen consumption rate, ammonia excretion rate, and the ratio of oxygen to nitrogen (O:N) were examined after treatment with pedunsaponin. The correlations of these processes with pedunsaponin concentrations, treatment temperatures and snail sizes were also evaluated in this study. The results showed that both the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate decreased in the pedunsaponintreated groups compared with the untreated group (P＜0.05). When the temperature was 28 ℃ under 40 mg/L pedunsaponin, the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rate were 0.19 mg/(g·h) and 0.02 mg/(g·h) in the treated snails, while for the normal snails, they were 0.88 mg/(g·h) and 0.07 mg/(g·h), respectively. In addition, pedunsaponin significantly reduced the O:N ratio of the snails, shifting away from protein,
%U http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.10.241