%0 Journal Article
%T 游与居:地理观看与山岳赋书写体制的近世转变
%A 叶晔
%J 复旦学报(社会科学版)
%D 2018
%X 古代山岳赋的发展,经历了一个从纪游书写转向地志书写的过程。“游”与“居”,代表着两种不同的观看视角和创作状态,即从对陌生世界的游迹式探寻,转向对已知世界的结构式呈现。这种差异,早在六朝时期孙绰《游天台山赋》与谢灵运《山居赋》中已有所反映。这一分野,与两汉魏晋辞赋中的纪行、游览、都邑、畋猎、述志等文类互动有很大关系,最终流变为山岳游览赋、山岳形胜赋两种子类型。但赋体的局限性,使得山岳赋在表现自然山水的审美上,不及后来居上的山水诗、山水游记等,在文体竞争中渐处下风。自两宋以后,随着地方观念在文人世界中的强化,山岳赋逐步从山水诗、山水游记的审美定式和优势话语中突围出去,借鉴都邑赋的书写体制,强调地方性知识在文学文本中的结构性书写,将作为辞赋书写对象的山水,从陌生的边缘世界,内转至熟悉的地方世界。此为山岳赋书写体制之重要变化,与近世文化转型中的地方化、日常化趋向,不无关系;又与宋以后辞赋散文化之发展,构成一种新的张力关系。</br>Abstract：The scenic mountain verses (fu) went through a process from travelogue to geographic observation. Leisuring and Living represented two different perspectives and creative states: one records the traces of an unknown world, and the other presents a known world in a structured pattern. The difference was reflected as early as in Sun Chuo’s You TiantaiShan fu and Xie Lingyun’s Shanju fu in the Six Dynasties. The dividing of fu was mainly caused by the active interrelation of genres from the Han to Jin Dynasties. Finally two genres were formed as scenic travelogue and geographic chronicle. However, due to the limitation of its form, scenic mountain fu could not compete with the poems and prose with the same theme. With the rise of literati’s localism after the Song Dynasty, scenic mountain fu began to break through the advantage of scenic poetry and travelogue on aesthetic discourse. It emphasized the local knowledge in the structural writing in literary texts, successfully turned the writing target from a strange world into a familiar local world. This transformation of scenic mountain fu was closely related to the trend of localization in pre-modern culture. On the other hand, with the appearance of prosaic tendency after the Song Dynasty, a new tension was introduced.
%K 山岳赋
%K 文类互动
%K 文体竞争
%K 地方性知识
%K 地志文学&lt
%K /br&gt
%K scenic mountain fu
%K genre
%K form competition
%K local knowledge
%K chorographic literature
%U http://www.fdwkxb.fudan.edu.cn/CN/abstract/abstract2215.shtml