%0 Journal Article
%T 威胁性刺激注意偏向的时间进程
%A 邱晓雯
%A 文涛
%A 丁锦红
%J 心理科学
%D 2017
%X 摘要： 注意偏向各成分间关系及发生的时间进程尚存争议。本研究以情绪图片为刺激，采用类别判断任务，通过眼动技术探讨正常人对威胁性刺激的注意偏向。结果显示，（1）首次眼跳概率向左高于向右，首次眼跳潜伏期向左短于向右，存在左侧偏向；（2）注意回避发生在250ms以内，解除锁定困难发生在400ms之后；（3）注意偏向影响其他认知过程。结果表明，注意回避与左侧偏向在威胁性刺激注意偏向形成早期存在相互作用，且比解除锁定困难更早发生。</br>Abstract: Previous studies showed attentional bias contains the rapid orientation of attention, the avoidance of attention and the difficulty to disengage from threatened stimuli. However, the time course of these tree components is still unclear. The present study is trying to explore the time-course of the threat-related attentional biases. The threatened and neutral emotional pictures were used as the stimuli. Subjects were asked to identify whether two pictures belonged to the same category (neutral or threatened) or not, in which two pictures were presented on computer screen simultaneously. Subjects’ eye movements were recorded during their task. Twenty six undergraduates volunteered to participate in the experiment. All stimulus- pictures were selected from the International Affective Picture System. Four types of stimuli pairs (i.e. threatened vs. threatened, threatened vs. neutral, neutral vs. threatened and neutral vs. neutral) were constructed from 152 pictures (77 neutral pictures vs. 75 threatened pictures). Three neutral pictures of stimuli pictures were repeated to pair twice and five threatened pictures of them were repeated to pair twice. Each type of stimulus pairs included 20 picture-pairs. Totally, there were 80 picture-pairs in all conditions. They were randomized and segregated into 4 blocks. Subjects were positioned in chin and forehead rest and seated 70cm in front of a 17-inch screen on which theses stimulus-pairs were present. Eye movements were recorded by SMI eye-tracker (iView Hi-Speed) with a sampling rate of 350Hz. In each trial, a white “+”was presented for 1000ms. Then a picture-pair was presented until 1000ms after subjects responded with maximum duration of 8000ms. The inter-trial interval (ITI) is 2000ms. The results showed that: (1) Subjects were more likely [F(1,25)=21.867, p<0.01] and faster (shorter saccadic latency) [F(1,25)=16.507, p<0.01] to move their eyes toward left visual field than that toward right, indicating strong attentional bias toward left. (2) The latency of the first saccade toward right visual field under “neutral vs. neutral” picture pair was significantly longer than that of “threatened vs. neutral” pair [F(1,25)=13.970, p<0.01]. Although the latencies of the first saccade toward left were faster than that of toward right under “threatened vs. threatened”
%K threatened stimuli attentional bias avoidance of attention difficulty of disengagement attentional bias toward left
%U http://www.psysci.org/CN/abstract/abstract9929.shtml