%0 Journal Article
%T How Help-Seeking Expectations Are Associated with Relational and Physical Victimization among Japanese Adolescents
%A Haruhisa Mizuno
%A Takuya Yanagida
%A Yuichi Toda
%J Psychology
%P 1412-1425
%@ 2152-7199
%D 2018
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/psych.2018.96086
%X The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between help-seeking expectations and school bullying. Japanese students (<em>N</em> = 532; 53% boys, about 12 years-old) were asked to fill out a questionnaire including help-seeking expectations scale and bullying scale. Help-seeking expectations were composed of two kinds of expectations; responsibility expectations and accessibility expectations. Relational victimization on girls was positively associated with help-seeking in both responsibility and accessibility expectations. Higher relational victimization was associated with higher responsibility expectations for girls. For boys, there was a u-shaped relationship between relational victimization and responsibility expectations. There was a reversed u-shaped relationship between relational victimization and accessibility expectations. In sum, much more relationally victimized boys may expect their friends¡¯ help (responsibility expectations), but their accessibility expectations may be rather pessimistic.
%K Victimization
%K Help-Seeking
%K Gender Role Conflict
%K Japanese Students
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=85721