%0 Journal Article
%T Effect of Foliar Applied Urea on Growth and Yield of Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.)
%A Rajesh Kumar Oad
%A Muhammad Ali Ansari
%A Jagdesh Kumar
%A Dilpat Rai Menghwar
%J Open Access Library Journal
%V 5
%N 7
%P 1-13
%@ 2333-9721
%D 2018
%I Open Access Library
%R 10.4236/oalib.1104668
%X <div style="text-align:justify;">
	<span style="line-height:1.5;">A field study was carried out during 2012-13 at
Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam,
Pakistan, geographically latitude 25”ćN and longitude 68”ćE, to assess the effect of foliar applied urea on the
growth and yield of sunflower. The experiment was laid out in a three-replicated Randomized Complete Block Design. Five
treatments were tested against sunflower variety Hysun-33 which included: T</span><sub>1</sub><span style="line-height:1.5;"> = Control (no urea), T</span><sub>2</sub><span style="line-height:1.5;"> = Recommended urea soil applied (130 kg”¤ha</span><sup>©1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">) at sowing stage, T</span><sub>3</sub><span style="line-height:1.5;"> = 1% urea at 35 days
after sowing, T</span><sub>4</sub><span style="line-height:1.5;"> = 1% urea at 60 days after sowing and T</span><sub>5</sub><span style="line-height:1.5;"> = 1% urea at 85 days after sowing. The </span><span style="line-height:1.5;">results revealed that growth and yield characters as well as oil yield of
sunflower were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) affected by foliar application of
urea. The most effective treatment comprised of foliar application of urea (1%)
after 35 days of sowing in addition to recommended soil applied urea (130 kg”¤ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">) showed optimistic results with
89.61% seed germination, 179.65 cm plant height, 5.39 cm stem girth, 22.43 cm
head diameter, 2063.25 grains head</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">, 68.51 g seed index/1000 seed weight, 2211.90 kg seed
yield ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> and 1046.75 kg oil yield ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">. The sunflower
crop receiving foliar application of urea after 60 days or 85 days of sowing in
addition to recommended soil applied urea ranked 2</span><sup>nd</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> and 3</span><sup>rd</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">;
and sunflower plantation given no foliar urea and grown only on recommended
soil applied urea (130 kg”¤ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;">) ranked 4</span><sup>th</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> with 1907.96 kg”¤ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> seed yield
and 841.91 kg”¤ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> oil yield. However, sunflower plantation neither given foliar
application of urea nor supplied with soil applied urea (control) ranked least
for all the growth and yield parameters and oil yield. Hence, it is suggested
for the farmers that in addition to 130 kg”¤ha</span><sup><span style="line-height:15px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">©</span>1</sup><span style="line-height:1.5;"> soil applied
urea, foliar application of urea (1%) after 35 days of sowing may be ensured
for maximization of seed and oil yields in sunflower. The results further
showed that in most cases, the crop receiving foliar application of urea after
60 and 85 days of sowing showed similarity (P &gt; 0.05); but differences were
significant (P &lt; 0.05) when compared with foliar application after 35 days
of sowing and rest of the treatments.</span> 
</div>
%K Foliar
%K Growth
%K Sunflower
%K Urea
%U http://www.oalib.com/paper/5296806