%0 Journal Article
%T Plant and Endophyte Effect on Fiber, N, and P Concentrations in Tall Fescue
%A James K. Rogers
%A Ben C. Morton
%A Jagadeesh Mosali
%J International Journal of Agronomy
%D 2011
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2011/948605
%X Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) infected with an endophyte (Neotyphodium spp.) generally has agronomic advantages over endophyte-free tall fescue. The objective of this study was to determine if endophyte presence (E+) or absence (E£¿) in three tall fescue genotypes affects concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in field and greenhouse studies. E+ plants had higher concentrations of ADF and NDF (nonsignificant in one genotype) in the field study. Endophyte lowered N concentration in the field from 19.2 to 18.5£¿g£¿ . Various interactions between genotype, endophyte, and maturity were significant for NDF, N, and P in both field and greenhouse studies. This interaction occurred because the effect of the endophyte increased or decreased fiber, N, and P content of tall fescue depending upon plant genotype. This genotype by endophyte interaction should be kept in mind as novel endophytes are selected and placed into tall fescue cultivar selections, this interaction could alter fiber, N and P accumulation of the plants which depending upon plant genotype could result in a positive or negative response. 1. Introduction Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh) is grown on approximately 14 million hectares in the United States. The majority of this acreage is infected with a fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones & Gams.) Glenn, Bacon, & Hanlin comb. nov.). This endophyte has been implicated as the causal agent of fescue toxicosis in animals grazing tall fescue [1¨C3]. Positive plant attributes are also associated with endophyte infection. These include resistance to grazing pressure [4¨C8], increased yields [9¨C11], resistance to insect attack [7, 12, 13], and increased photosynthetic rates [11, 14]. Endophyte infection increased seed production fitness in endophyte infected compared to endophyte free clones of the same genotype [15]. Presence of the endophyte has been shown to enhance plant persistence of infected plants by protecting plant roots in root-knot nematode infected soils [16]. Plants infected with endophyte have been shown to tolerate aluminum toxicity compared to nonendophyte-infected plants [17]. Some of the competitive advantages associated with endophyte infection could be due to the endophyte enhancing the ability of the infected plant to take up nutrients. The effect of endophyte on mineral accumulation and forage nutritive value has been inconsistent. A previous review noted that P concentrations were influenced by endophyte when plants were
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ija/2011/948605/