%0 Journal Article
%T A Technical Note: Inter-Observer and Inter-Modality Variability of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Ultrasound (US) in Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Kidney Cancer
%A Ronnie W. K. Leung
%A Matthew Y. P. Wong
%A Venus W. Y. Lee
%A Steven K. T. Cheung
%A Aray K. L. Wong
%A Hollis S. L. Luk
%A Francesca K. L. Ng
%A Gilbert M. L. Law
%A Frankle K. H. Lee
%A W. H. Mui
%A Dennis Y. K. Ngar
%J International Journal of Medical Physics,Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology
%P 392-400
%@ 2168-5444
%D 2017
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/ijmpcero.2017.64035
%X <b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Introduction</span></b><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">:</span></b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">To
investigate the inter-observer and inter-modality variabilities of two imaging
guided equipment</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">s</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">¡ªcone-beam
computed tomography (CBCT) and ultrasound (US) in kidney stereotactic body
radiotherapy</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">.</span><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"> <b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Me</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">thods</span></b></span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">:</span></b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">A renal metastasis case implanted with three gold anchor fiducia</span><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">l
markers was firstly scanned by US to acquire a 3-dimension US image and
followed by 4-dimension CBCT in every fraction. Seven observers retrospectively
reg</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">istered the pre-treatment images with the
corresponding reference images</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> based </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">on
the gold markers. Registration uncertainty of the observers between two</span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\"> imaging modalities was evaluated. </span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Results</span></b></span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">:</span></b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">The
uncertainties over whole treatment course in CBCT were 0.88 mm, 1.94 mm and
0.86 mm in lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions respectively; while
0.8 mm, 0.97 mm and 1.36 mm were found in US. </span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">Conclusion</span></b></span><b><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">:</span></b><span style=\"font-family:&quot;\"> </span><span style=\"font-family:Verdana;\">The
greatest uncertainty was found in longitudinal direction in CBCT due to the
fact that the respiration motion is the most rigorous in cranial-caudal
direction. In US, since the probe was hold almost in upright position, the
strong echo in vertical direction was attributed to the greatest uncertainty
for such direction.
%K Inter-Observer
%K Inter-Modality
%K Variability
%K CBCT
%K US
%K Kidney SBRT
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=80139