%0 Journal Article %T 短截对富士苹果萌芽前后枝条不同部位碳氮营养的影响<br>Effect of cutting back on carbon and nitrogen nutrients of apple shoots during the germination period %A 艾沙江·买买提 %A 梅 %A 闯 %A 张校立 %A 等 %J 西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学中文版) %D 2015 %X 【目的】研究不同修剪方法对催芽处理前后富士苹果一年生枝不同部位碳、氮营养物含量的影响，为完善苹果修剪技术提供参考。【方法】以富士苹果(Malus domestica Borkh cv.Red Fuji)幼苗一年生枝条为试材，在解除休眠到萌芽期，于离体条件下对枝条进行短截处理（短截1/2、短截1/3），以不短截处理为对照，将按要求处理后的一年生枝带回试验室,将枝条下部剪平，直立放在盛有500 mL水的瓷盘里，置于GZX型光照培养箱（25 ℃（白天）/20 ℃（晚上）、16 h光照/8 h黑暗条件）中进行催芽处理，在处理后第0，3，6，9，12天取样，测定枝条不同部位的可溶性糖、淀粉、总糖和可溶性蛋白含量，研究短截处理对一年生枝不同部位碳、氮营养物质含量的影响。【结果】富士苹果一年生枝条不同部位可溶性糖、淀粉、总糖以及可溶性蛋白的含量有明显分布梯度，表现为从一年生枝顶部向下，对照枝条木质部的可溶性糖含量由93.9 mg/g逐渐降到61.9 mg/g，淀粉含量从72.6 mg/g逐渐降到37.7 mg/g，总糖含量从166.5 mg/g逐渐降到99.6 mg/g。催芽处理前（处理0 d）木质部可溶性糖、淀粉及总糖含量高于韧皮部。催芽处理后，木质部碳、氮营养物质含量变化幅度较大，与韧皮部相比，木质部平均可溶性糖、总糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别降低了38.1%，31.6%和15.4%，平均淀粉含量增加了17.4%；而韧皮部以上营养物质含量的变化幅度较小。短截处理未改变枝条自身碳、氮营养物质的分布梯度，不同处理枝条对应部位碳、氮营养物质的含量没有明显差异，但对整个枝条平均水平而言，短截降低了枝条内的平均可溶性糖、淀粉以及总糖含量，整个试验过程中短截处理枝条木质部以上营养物质的含量总体低于对照枝条。【结论】短截未改变苹果一年生枝条自身碳、氮营养物质含量的分布梯度，表现为从枝条顶部向下逐渐减少。<br>【Objective】This study investigated the effects of different cutting methods on carbon and nitrogen nutrients of apple shoots during germination period to better understand the physiology of branching patterns and pruning responses，【Method】From dormancy release to germination,Young ‘Fuji’ (Malus domestica Borkh.) apple annual shoots were used to study the effects of cutting back on quantitative changes of carbon and nitrogen nutrients caused by artificial dormancy breaking process.The shoots were pruned at different lengths (Control:cutting off the flabby apex,cutting off 1/3 length of the shoot,and cutting off 1/2 length of the shoot.) before being transferred to a GZX type cultivation box with illumination for 0,3,6,9,and 12 days in an upright position with bases in water.The growing conditions were:temperature 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night),and 16 h/8 h (illumination/darkness) photoperiod.Then contents of soluble sugar,starch and protein at different parts were measured to investigate the effects on carbon and nitrogen nutrients of shoots.【Result】There were significant differences in nutrient contents at different positions of apple annual shoots.In xylem,contents of soluble sugar,total sugar and starch were the highest in apex (93.9,166.5,and 72.6 mg/g) while the lowest (61.9,99.6,and 37.7 mg/g) were in proximal segment.Before the bud forcing treatment (0 d),xylem soluble sugar,starch and total sugar contents were higher than that of phloem.Total sugar,soluble sugar and soluble protein decreased by 31.6%,38.1% and 15.4% when shoots were forced to bud break.In contrast,starch content increased by 17.4% after treatment.Cutting back treatment had little effect on carbohydrates in different parts of shoot,indicating that cutting back treatment failed to change the %K 苹果 %K 短截 %K 解除休眠 %K 碳氮营养< %K br> %K apple %K cutting back %K dormancy release %K carbon and nitrogen nutrients %U http://www.xnxbz.net/xbnlkjdxzr/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20150820&flag=1