%0 Journal Article
%T THESINANTHROPUSPOPULATIONOFCHOUKOUTIEN(LOCALITYI)WITHAPRELIMINARYREPORTONNEWDlSCOVERIES
%J µØÖÊѧ±¨
%D 1935
%X 1)ThenewlyfoundspecimensconfirmthefactthatSinanthropusrepresentsanindependenthominidtypedistinctlyinferiortoNeanderthalmanandshowingdefiniteanthropoidpeculiaritiesinmanyfeatures.2)TheteethofSinanthropusexceedinsizethoseofrecentandNeanderthalman.Premolarsandmolarsareverycomplicatedintheirpattern,especiallyinregardtotheabundanceofwrinklesandtheyarehardlyinferiortothoseofchimpanzee,buttheyexceedthemincoarseness.TheuppercanineofSinanthropusislongandwideandprojectsre-markablylikeatuskbeyondthelevelofP.Theuppermilkcanineisisolatedfrombothitsneighborsbygaps,inthedentitionofmilkteeth.Theteethofrecentman,incrownsaswellasinroots,aresimplifiedandreducedincom-parisontothoseofSinanthropus;thisprimitivenessisnotbasicbutasecondaryacquisition.3)Theteeth(milkandpermanent)ofSinanthropusaremorevariableinsizethanthoseofacorrespondingpopulationofrecentman.Therefore,asexualdifferencemustberecognizedlikethatoftheSimiidae.4)Intwo(three)ofthefouradultjawstherearehyperostoses¨D"Torusmandibularis"¨Dontheinnersideofthealveolarpart,thelargestofwhichissituatedjustlinguadofthealveolarseptumbetweenP_1andP_2.ThesamepeculiaritymaybefoundinprehistoricandinrecentChinesejawsand,accordingtoF¨¹rst,isverycharacteristicoftheMongolianracialgroupofmankind,especiallytheEskimo.5)InSinanthropusallupperincisorsareverymuch.shovel-shaped.ThispeculiaritytooisfoundinthecorrespondingteethoftherecentMongolianraceinsometimesnearly100£¥ofthepopulation.6)Thefactsmentionedunder4)and5)seemtoprovethatSinan-thropustakeshisplaceinthedirectlineleadingtorecentmanandthatamongpresent-daymankindtheMongoliangrouphastheclosestrelationtoPekingman.7)Aninventory,ofallspecimensofLocality1leadstothecon-clusionthatthepopulationofChoukoutienmusthavebeencomposedofatleast10children,2adolescentsand12adults;perhapsonehalfoftheseweremaleandtheotherhalffemale.8)Mostoftheseindividualsarerepresentedbyteethorjawsonly,somebyskullfragmentsandtwoorthreebyspecimensofbodybones.Themissingbonescannothavebeenlostduringthefillingupofthecaveorthefossilizationprocessorduringthesubsequentexcavations,butmusthavebeenabsentalreadywhentheboneswereimbeddedintherocks.9)TheSinanthropusremainsmusthavebeenbroughtintothecaveaspartsalreadyseveredfromthebody;perhapstheyrepresenttrophiesor,moreprobably,thehuntingspoilofheadhunters.10)ThereisnottheleastindicationthatthishunterwasanotherandmoreadvancedhominidtypethanSinanthropushimself.SinanthropuswasthebearerofthecavecultureofChoukoutien,thefire-makerandthemanu-factureoftheimplements,perhapsalsoboththehunterandthecannibalwhopreyedonpeopleofhisownkind.
%U http://www.geojournals.cn/dzxb/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19350441&flag=1