%0 Journal Article
%T An Epidemiological Study on Pattern and Incidence of Mandibular Fractures
%A Subodh S. Natu
%A Harsha Pradhan
%A Hemant Gupta
%A Sarwar Alam
%A Sumit Gupta
%A R. Pradhan
%A Shadab Mohammad
%A Munish Kohli
%A Vijai P. Sinha
%A Ravi Shankar
%A Anshita Agarwal
%J Plastic Surgery International
%D 2012
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2012/834364
%X Mandible is the second most common facial fracture. There has been a significant increase in the number of cases in recent years with the advent of fast moving automobiles. Mandibular fractures constitute a substantial proportion of maxillofacial trauma cases in Lucknow. This study was undertaken to study mandibular fractures clinicoradiologically with an aim to calculate incidence and study pattern and the commonest site of fractures in population in and around Lucknow. Patient presenting with history of trauma at various centers of maxillofacial surgery in and around Lucknow were included in this study. Detailed case history was recorded followed by thorough clinical examination, and radiological interpretation was done for establishing the diagnosis and the data obtained was analyzed statistically. Out of 66 patients with mandibular fractures, highest percentage was found in 21¨C30 years of age with male predominance. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of fracture with parasymphysis being commonest site. Commonest combination was parasymphysis with subcondyle. There was no gender bias in etiology with number of fracture sites. The incidence and causes of mandibular fracture reflect trauma patterns within the community and can provide a guide to the design of programs geared toward prevention and treatment. 1. Introduction The sheer pace of modern life with high-speed travel as well as an increasingly violent and intolerant society has made facial trauma a form of social disease from which no one is immune. There are changes in patterns of facial injuries, extent, clinical features, and so forth resulting in mild-to-massive disfigurement of maxillofacial skeleton along with functional loss. Besides road traffic accident and violence, direct/indirect trauma may also occur due to sport activities, falls, and firearms. Occasionally, it may also be secondary to certain disease entities like cystic lesion, neoplasms, and metabolic diseases. The fracture is defined as ¡°breach in the continuity of bone¡± [1]. Facial area is one of the most frequently injured area of the body, accounting for 23¨C97% of all facial fractures [2]. Mandible is the only mobile bone of facial skeleton and their has been a significant increase in number of cases in recent years. It is embryologically a membrane bone and is more commonly fractured than the other bones of face. Mandibular fractures occur twice as often as midfacial fractures [3]. The energy required to fracture it being of the order of 44.6¨C74.4£¿kg/m, which is about the same as the zygoma and about half
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/psi/2012/834364/