%0 Journal Article %T Minimum Risk Training for Neural Machine Translation %A Shiqi Shen %A Yong Cheng %A Zhongjun He %A Wei He %A Hua Wu %A Maosong Sun %A Yang Liu %J Computer Science %D 2015 %I arXiv %X We propose minimum risk training for end-to-end neural machine translation. Unlike conventional maximum likelihood estimation, minimum risk training is capable of optimizing model parameters directly with respect to evaluation metrics. Experiments on Chinese-English and English-French translation show that our approach achieves significant improvements over maximum likelihood estimation on a state-of-the-art neural machine translation system. %U http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.02433v2