%0 Journal Article
%T Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Morphogenic Response of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Poir. Using Mature Zygotic Embryos Explants
%A Hussien H. Daffalla
%A Eltayb Abdellatef
%A Elsadig A. Elhadi
%A Mutasim M. Khalafalla
%J Biotechnology Research International
%D 2011
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.4061/2011/710758
%X The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0¨C5.0£¿mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), ¦Á-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ¡À 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0£¿mg/L BA. 67.0% of excised shoots were rooted either on 1/2 MS medium augmented with or without 0.25£¿mg/L IBA. The highest number of roots (1.2 ¡À 0.4) and root length (0.5 ¡À 0.2£¿cm) was produced on 0.25£¿mg/L IBA-containing medium. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the green house with 70% survival rate. All the plants appeared morphologically uniform with normal growth pattern. A rapid (30 days), efficient and without subculturing protocol for in vitro regeneration of B. senegalensis was developed. 1. Introduction Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir. (Capparidaceae) is an evergreen drought tolerant shrub widespread across the Sahel and Sahara savannas from Mauritania across central Africa to Sudan [1]. This area of semiarid and arid region with extremely high temperatures and low rainfall provides the highly hottest and driest conditions ever faced by higher plant life [2, 3]. B. senegalensis is very well adapted to this unusual degree of drought [3, 4]. It tolerates temperatures as high as 45¡ãC and survives with 100£¿mm annual rainfall, but 250£¿mm is sufficient for its vigorous growth [2]. Under such desiccating conditions, this wild species make life more bearable for millions of destitute people who struggle to survive. It produces enough different products to sustain human and animal life almost by itself. The significant role of B. senegalensis in the African rural agroeconomy and daily life has been illustrated by several reports [1, 4, 5]. During the 1984-85 famine in Kordofan and Darfur, western Sudan, people relied on the so-called famine foods, mukheit [3, 6]. In fact, seed flour commonly replaces sorghum, millet, or lentils as staple food [2]. The property of B. senegalensis to protect cereals against several stored grain insect species and pathogens has been reported [7, 8]. Those fresh leaves were traditionally
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/btri/2011/710758/